Installation of switches, sockets and lamps. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Free library / Electrician

Installation of switches, sockets and lamps. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Free technical library

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electric installation work

During installation switches make sure that switching on is done by pressing the upper part of the key or the upper button. The switches are installed in the cut of the phase wire, which allows you to quickly de-energize the power grid in case of a short circuit, and also ensures electrical safety when replacing lamps, cartridges and repairing the wiring section from the switch to the lamp. Plug sockets are connected in parallel with the main wires of the network.

With open wiring, switches and sockets should be installed on gaskets from a non-conductive fireproof material (textolite, getinax, asbestos cement, etc.) with a thickness of at least 10 mm (socket boxes), which can be a structural part of the electrical installation products themselves.

On combustible bases on wooden sockets, it is necessary to install an additional asbestos gasket 2-3 mm thick, which will provide protection against fire of the socket in the event of a contact connection failure in the switch or socket. Splash-proof switches and sockets can be mounted directly on the wall or on a steel bracket. The entry of wires or cables through the gland seal is carried out from below.

With hidden wiring, switches and socket outlets are installed in metal Boxes, smeared into the wall with alabaster mortar. To fix the switch or socket in the box, remove the decorative cover from them, attach the wires, slightly unscrew the screws from the plates of the spacer brackets and slide the switch or socket into the box. When the screws are screwed in, the legs of the device are extended and firmly fix the switch or socket in the box. The screws are turned to the stop alternately, avoiding distortion, with such an effort not to split the base. After fixing the base of the switch or the socket, decorative covers are fixed on them.

Chandeliers hung on hooks. Suspension of luminaires on wires is prohibited. The hook in the ceiling must be insulated with a polyvinyl chloride tube to prevent the appearance of a dangerous potential in the metal fittings of concrete slabs or steel pipes of electrical wiring if the insulation in the luminaire is broken.

If the hook is attached to a wooden floor, it is not necessary to isolate it.

To install the hook in a hollow slab, a hole is made, the fasteners are inserted into it and fixed. In solid reinforced concrete ceilings, the lamp is suspended from a pin, which is passed through the entire ceiling. You can apply other methods of fastening.

Luminaire suspension fixtures must be tested for strength for 10 minutes with a force (load) equal to five times the mass of the luminaire. The suspension mounting parts must not be damaged.

Fixtures charged with copper flexible wires with a core cross section of at least 0,5 mm2 inside buildings and 1 mm2 for outdoor installation and connected to the network wires using a clamping block.

Author: Korshevr N.G.

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