Installation of installation electrical components. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Free library / Electrician

Installation of installation electrical components. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Free technical library

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electric installation work

Switches, sockets and cartridges with the open method of laying electrical wiring, they are mounted directly in the process of installation and connection of the conductors themselves. With a hidden method, electrical installation parts are mounted after finishing work is completed (at this time, the ends of the wires must be insulated and protected from mechanical damage and contamination with plaster, paint, etc.). The installation of sockets and switches is carried out according to the following scheme: first, wooden sockets are attached to the wall (with open wiring) or metal or plastic boxes of mechanisms are installed in the sockets, into which the end sections of the wires are inserted through the holes (with hidden wiring); then the mechanism of the electrical component is installed and its fasteners are connected to the wires of the electrical wiring, after which the mechanism is closed with the body of the switch or socket.

When connecting the wires to the socket mechanism, there is no significant difference to which terminal of the socket to connect the phase wire, and to which - zero. Another thing is connecting the wires to the lamp and its switch. Here it is necessary to accurately determine the connection to the phase or neutral of the terminals of the lamp and the terminals of its switch. After all, during the operation of electrical wiring, you may have to change a burned-out lamp or repair the lamp socket, or maybe replace the lamp itself with a more modern one. It is necessary to take care of the safety of these works even at the installation stage.

To prevent repair work from being carried out under voltage, it is necessary to mount a branch from the line to the lamp in such a way that the lamp switch is connected to the phase wire, and the lamp base (its outer threaded shell) is connected to a grounded neutral. In this case, when the switch is in the "off" position, the safety of manipulations with the lamp itself is ensured. If the phase and neutral conductors are connected the other way around (phase - to the lamp, neutral - to the switch), then even with the switch turned off, accidentally touching the bare contacts of the lamp, you can close the circuit on yourself and get an electric shock.

If the wiring in the dwelling was not laid by the owner, then it is advisable to determine whether the fixtures are connected to the network correctly and whether an unexpected electric shock should be feared during their repair. This will require an indicator screwdriver. It is necessary to remove the cover of the switch and touch the tip of the screwdriver to its terminals: if the lamp is on when the switch is in the “on” position, and the indicator light of the screwdriver is not lit, then the switch is connected to the neutral, respectively, the lamp is connected to the phase; if the indicator light is on, then the switch is connected correctly - to the phase wire of the circuit.

Author: Korshevr N.G.

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