Disco cone antenna. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Disco cone antenna. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / VHF antennas

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Compared to a coaxial antenna, a disk-cone antenna, which also has a circular radiation pattern and the same power supply, has a significantly larger bandwidth. Compared to a conventional dipole, the gain of this antenna is -3dB. This decrease in gain should not come as a surprise, since a disk-cone antenna has a correct radiation pattern over a very large bandwidth.

The design of the disk-cone antenna, shown in Fig. 11-40, subject to the specified dimensions and direct power supply over a coaxial cable with a characteristic impedance of 60 ohms, has a bandwidth of 85 to 500 MHz.

Disco Cone Antenna
Ris.1

The cone is made in the form of a horn from a sheet of copper or some other material that is easy to solder. The power cable is laid inside the cone and its outer braid is soldered to the cone, and the cleaned segment of the inner core 100 mm long is soldered to the metal disk. The disk is held in a horizontal position by means of insulating props.

To establish long-distance radio communications in the ranges of 144-146 MHz and especially at 420-425 MHz, it is necessary to concentrate the radiation of electromagnetic energy in the form of a narrow beam and direct it as close as possible to the horizon. At the same time, it is also necessary to be able to establish radio communications with correspondents located in different directions from the radio station with a fixed antenna. For such a case, the antenna should have a radiation pattern in the form of an elongated figure-eight in the vertical plane, and in the form of a circle in the horizontal plane. A similar diagram can be obtained when performing a biconical antenna (Fig. 2), which is two metal cones, one of which is connected to the middle core of the cable, and to the other - its braid. The disadvantage of such an antenna is the need for symmetrical excitation.

Disco Cone Antenna
Ris.2

A broadband biconical disk-cone antenna (Fig. 3), in which the disk plays the role of the upper cone, does not require symmetrical excitation. Table 1 shows the dimensions of disc-cone antennas designed for operation in amateur bands.

Table 1
Working range frequencies, MHz Size mm
A Б В г
30-90 1500 1 820 152 40
90-450 550 685 555 30
900 1-800 XNUMX 80 125 85 10

With the selected antenna dimensions, it is desirable to work in the region of the lowest operating frequencies, since with an increase in the operating frequency, the angle between the direction of maximum radiation and the horizon increases. The antenna is powered by a cable with a wave impedance of about 60-70 ohms without matching devices. The disk is insulated from the cone, which can be grounded. For operation in the range of 38-40 MHz, the cone and disk are made of pins with a diameter of 3 - 5 mm (Fig. 4). The maximum distance between pins must not exceed 0,05L.

Disco Cone Antenna
Ris.3,4

Literature:

1. K. Rothammel. Antennas. Moscow "Energy". 1979
2. F. Burdeyny et al. Shortwave handbook. From DOSAAF, Moscow. 1959

Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru

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