Repair of a New Year's garland. Scheme, description

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Repair of a New Year's garland. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Beginner radio amateur

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The New Year holidays have passed. The multi-colored lights of the garlands on the Christmas tree were very pleasing to the eye. However, by the "old new year" rows of electric bulbs in Chinese-made garlands have thinned considerably. After the holidays, the garlands had to be repaired. I think that a lot of people may have faced the same problem. Therefore, I will share my experience in this matter.

To begin with, I will give a basic electrical (without electronics) circuit of a garland (Fig. 1). From the diagram it can be seen that the bulbs of the same color are connected in series.

New Year's garland repair
Rice. 1. Schematic diagram of a Christmas tree garland (L1 ... L100 - light bulbs)

The problem is that the light bulbs (and there are 100 of them) are connected by soldering, and these places should be insulated with polyvinyl chloride tubes. That is, there is no access to electrical conductors. And if there is a break in the connection or a burnt out light bulb (and often several), it is not very easy to find a malfunction.

I did the following. Prepared the necessary tools and fixtures:

1. a small wooden board with approximate dimensions of 300x100x10 mm (length x width x thickness);

2. two needles;

3. 4,5 volt battery ("miner");

4. conductors from the tester with clamps;

5. pliers;

6. soldering iron.

Then he laid out the garland on the table, plugged it into a 220-volt network and determined by color which bulbs and in which wire did not burn. Turned off the garland and put a board under it (see Fig. 2).

Rice. 2. Scheme for checking the health of Christmas tree garland bulbs: 1 - wire in insulation; 2 - light bulb; 3 - needle (2-4 pieces); 4 - rechargeable battery supply ("miner") U=4,5 V; 5 - lining board (300x100x10)

Needles, using pliers, pierced the insulation in front of the light bulb and after it. These same needles kept the wire pinned to the wooden board. I connected the power supply and found a light bulb that does not shine. If you remove the power source and short-circuit two points (for example, A and B, or B and C, or C and D), then the garland circuit will be connected. Now, adhering to the safety rules with electric current, he included a garland in a 220 volt network. If there was no more breakage or a faulty lamp, then the garland worked in all modes and shone in all available colors. If there was a malfunction somewhere, then the garland did not work, the circuit, for example, green lamps, did not work, and all the rest worked. In this case, there is nothing else left but to gradually check the entire chain with the help of needles: having determined the malfunction, it must be eliminated and move on.

If, for example, there is a 12 volt power source, then you can immediately check three lamps (3x4 V = 12 V), and where they did not burn, find one of them faulty using the method described above.

The insulation of the conductors is plastic, the punctures in it are quickly tightened, and the garland will be safe. If there is nothing to replace the light bulb, then you can simply unsolder the light bulb, short-circuit the conductor and insulate this place, as shown in Figure 3. This will not affect the operation of the garland as a whole.

Rice. 3. Removing a burnt out light bulb from the circuit: 1 - insulated wire; 2 - a large PVC tube; 3 - a small polychlor-vinyl tube (2 pcs.); 4 - light bulb

In this way, you can repair and save the garland, and repaired, it will serve you for a long time and reliably, because you have replaced low-quality light bulbs and corrected bad contacts.

Author: V. Gerus

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