By New Year's Eve. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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By New Year's Eve. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Beginner radio amateur

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Almost three hundred years ago, Peter the Great issued a decree "On the celebration of the New Year", according to which it was prescribed "to make some decoration from trees and branches of pine, spruce and juniper along the noble and passable streets at the gates and houses." This custom took root with us and became very popular. In the forest nurseries of the country, more than ten million specially grown Christmas trees are harvested annually. It takes at least 10 years to nurture each such tree on "New Year's" plantations.

But the holiday is over. And already in the first week of the new year, forest beauties thrown out as useless appear in the yards and on the streets. In order not to destroy trees in vain, the industry has mastered the production of a variety of artificial Christmas trees, outwardly not much different from real ones. Our readers also offer options for homemade Christmas trees. Here, for example, is a Christmas tree-lamp made by V. Polyakov from Kostroma.

The material for it is paper with heat-resistant and electrically insulating properties - cable grade K, telephone KTN 0,12 or 0,17 mm thick, impregnated with protective varnishes. As an impregnating material, you can use water-emulsion varnishes of the VTU KU364-54 and No. 321-T brands, organosilicon varnishes EF-3, K-47, K-55, K-57. All of them have high fire and explosion safety and have good electrical insulating properties. You can also use mica, mica paper, film-electrocardboard with a thickness of 0,16, 0,2, 0,3, 0,4 mm or aluminum foil, the surface of which is insulated with a thin oxide film 2 ... 4 microns thick. Oxide insulation is heat-resistant, thermally conductive, withstands voltages up to 100 V.

By New Year's Eve
Christmas tree-lamp (branches conditionally deployed): 1, 2 - metal mounting rings, 3, 4, 5 - paper rings, 6 - incandescent lamp, 7, 8 - branches and reamers for their manufacture, 9 - needle, 10 - trunk , 11 - base

To make Christmas tree branches from paper, their scans are cut out and a thin film with a mirror surface is glued on the outside, and then diamond-shaped holes are made for the needles. From the blanks obtained in this way, hollow branches are glued - rigid enough to withstand the weight of the needles. The branches are given a slightly conical shape, which improves the reflection and dispersion of light.

The needles are made from a thin transparent film dyed green. The starting material can be polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate or other highly transparent plastic. The needles are twice the size of natural needles and have the shape of a rhombus. In the upper part, each needle has a hole for the outlet of heated air. They should be glued to the branches at an angle of 35 ... 45 °.

The branches are fastened together with the help of duralumin and paper rings.

The cavities of all elements are illuminated with small-sized electric bulbs, for example, brand AMH12,4 (voltage 12 or 6 V, power 4 W). The lamp base is ground down to the required size.

The light from the light bulbs, scattering and reflecting from the mirror walls of the branches, enters through the holes in the branches into hollow needles that emit green rays.

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