Fuel injection control system Motronic 3.1. Free Technical Library article

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Fuel injection control system Motronic 3.1

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Automobile. Electronic fuel injection

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This control system includes a fuel pump, fuel pressure regulator, air mass meter with a heating element, injectors, throttle position sensor, idle air control, coolant temperature sensor and knock sensor, engine speed sensor, fuel tank vent valve, canister , an oxygen content sensor in exhaust gases (lambda probe), an ignition coil and an electronic control unit (ECU). Compared with previous "Motronic" models, this control system is more advanced. Each injector has a separate ECU control channel, which ensures high fuel dosing accuracy and faster response to changes in engine load. In addition, fuel is injected three times per revolution of the engine crankshaft.

The "Motronic 3.1" has already introduced an air mass meter with a heating element, which contributes to a more accurate calculation of the amount of ECU fuel. The principle of operation of the system is as follows. The fuel pump delivers fuel through a fine filter to the fuel distributor. The necessary fuel pressure in the system is maintained by a fuel pressure regulator, which is installed on the fuel distributor and depends on the vacuum in the intake tract. Next, the fuel is supplied to the injectors. The opening time of the injector valves is determined and regulated by the electric control unit. This achieves dosing of the fuel supplied to the engine cylinders.

Required amount of fuel depending on coolant temperature, engine load, etc. determined by the electronic control unit according to the signals of the sensors installed on the engine. The main ones are a potentiometric throttle position sensor and an intake air mass meter. For more accurate fuel metering, the ECU takes into account the signals from the knock sensor, coolant temperature sensor and lambda probe. The system has an idle valve, which is controlled by an electric control unit depending on the engine load. The fuel tank is vented by means of a valve with adaptive control. From the fuel tank, fuel vapor through an adsorber (a container with activated carbon) and a valve are fed into the engine intake tract.

The valve is controlled by an electric control unit and depends on the engine speed and load. When the control voltage is turned off, the valve can be opened under the action of vacuum in the engine intake tract. To prevent spontaneous ignition of fuel vapors after the ignition is switched off, the valve remains under control voltage (off) for a few more seconds. After that, the spring check valve closes and the access of fuel vapors to the engine intake tract stops. On vehicles equipped with air conditioning and (or) automatic transmission, appropriate sensors are installed and, based on their signals, the fuel supply is corrected. This allows you to compensate (increase) the idle speed of the engine due to its drop as a result of turning on the air conditioning compressor or torque converter.

Structural diagram of the fuel injection control system "Motronic 3.1"

1. Adsorber
2. Fuel pump relay
3. Fuel tank
4.Ventilation valve
5. Fuel pressure regulator
6. Fuel storage
7. Fuel filter
8. Fuel pump
9. Air mass meter
10. Injector
11. Air regulator
12. Idle speed regulator
13. Throttle sensor
14. Coolant temperature sensor
15. Spark plug
16. Electronic control unit
17. Ignition coil
18. Ignition distributor
19. Crankshaft speed sensor
20. Knock sensor

Publication: cxem.net

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