Device for monitoring ignition systems. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Device for monitoring ignition systems. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Automobile. Ignition

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It is advisable to check the performance of home-made or industrial capacitor (thyristor) ignition systems before installing them on a car.

A diagram of a device for controlling such ignition systems, developed by L. Kuzmin, is shown in the figure. The device contains a symmetrical multivibrator made on transistors V2 and V4. and an electronic key on the transistor V5. Using the described device, the operation of the ignition distributor is simulated, which, for a four-cylinder engine at a crankshaft speed of 6000 rpm, interrupts the current in the primary winding of the ignition coil at a frequency of 200 Hz. Therefore, with the ratings of the multivibrator elements indicated in the diagram, the generation frequency is approximately equal to 200 Hz. This frequency can be reduced to 100 Hz by connecting additional capacitors C1 and C2 using switch S4. By means of an electronic key Operation of contacts of the breaker is limited. The collector of transistor V5 is connected to the thyristor trigger circuit in the ignition system.

Device for monitoring ignition systems

It is convenient to use a standard spark plug as a spark gap. In the open air, the spark formation conditions remain the same in the spark plug as in the engine, if the gap between the spark plug electrodes is approximately doubled. Therefore, before checking the electronic ignition system, the gap between the spark plug electrodes should be increased to approximately 1,2 mm. The device is connected to the ignition system under test and to the power source (battery) using five clamps. The performance of the tested ignition system is controlled by the presence of a spark in the gap of the spark gap F1, its intensity, shape and magnitude of the current flowing through the spark gap. The magnitude and shape of the current must be controlled using an oscilloscope (Cl-19, Cl-49, C1-83, etc.).

The amplitude value of the discharge circuit current is determined based on the measured value of the voltage amplitude across the resistor, which is connected between the arrester F1 and the power bus - 12 V, and taking into account the resistance of the resistor (100 ... 300 Ohms). The amplitude value of the discharge current can reach 80 mA. The current in the discharge circuit exists during the duration of the spark, which should reach a value of 300 ... 500 μs. With a shorter duration of the spark, it is difficult to start a cold engine, the completeness of fuel combustion decreases, which leads to a decrease in engine power and an increase in the toxicity of exhaust gases.

With an increase in the duration of the spark to 1,2 ... 1,5 ms, the requirements for the accuracy of setting the required ignition timing are significantly reduced (from 1 ... 2 to 3 ... 50), however, due to the electroerosion of the spark plug electrodes ignition, their durability is reduced.

When working with a device for monitoring electronic ignition systems, it must be remembered that the voltage at the high-voltage output of the ignition coil can reach 20 kV. Therefore, the design of the device must ensure the safety of the person working with the device. The described device is also suitable for testing electronic ignition systems powered by a 6 V source.

Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru

See other articles Section Automobile. Ignition.

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