Converting wind energy into heat. Joint operation of a wind turbine and a vortex tube. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources
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A schematic diagram of the installation for the utilization of wind energy is shown in fig. 2.3.1.
The energy node of the installation is a wind turbine with a capacity of N=10kW, similar to that described in this report. The plant operates in heating and refrigeration modes. To organize such regimes, especially refrigeration, it is proposed to use a vortex tube. The schematic diagram of the installation is shown in fig. 2.3.2. The installation includes a 10 kW wind turbine, an air compressor, an air receiver or a balloon ramp, a vortex tube, heat exchangers, and control equipment. A specific project should be tied to specific technical proposals: below is a general assessment of the technological capabilities of such an installation.
As is known, for the normal operation of the vortex tube, an air pressure exceeding 0,5 - 0,6 MPa is required.
This report analyzes wind turbines with a diesel plant to generate power for a local grid. The need for a diesel plant is caused by possible breaks in the wind, the need for "quality" electricity for electrical and electronic systems. The installation discussed below serves only for heating and refrigeration devices. Of course, it can also be considered in the scheme of a wind-diesel plant, but the presence of "high-quality" electricity (i.e., electrical energy of stable voltage and frequency) makes it much easier to solve the above problems.
If the wind power unit has a power of about 10 kW, then a compressor unit of this power allows you to get
about 170 kg/h of air compressed to a pressure of 0,7 MPa. At an ambient temperature of 00°C, it is assumed that the air in the receiver also has an ambient temperature.
Vortex tube, with mass separation factor 
(i.e. the costs of hot and cold streams are approximately equal), it produces air streams with a temperature of +60-700C and -30-400C, respectively. It was noted above that if heat can be obtained quite simply in different ways, then specialized expensive equipment is required to obtain cold.
Thus 170 kg/h of air will give 85 kg/h of air with a temperature of ~ 65°C and 85 kg/hour of air with a temperature of ~ -35°C.
Fig.2.3.1.1. Converting wind energy into heat. Joint operation of a wind turbine and a vortex tube.
The heat flow, when passing through the heat exchanger 6, heats the coolant (water) to a close temperature - for example. +60°C, cooling at the outlet to a temperature of + 20-15°C. Thus, the heat transfer in the heat exchanger 6 is within the framework of this task
~ 4250 kJ / h (1060 kcal / h), which is enough to heat 22 kg / h of water from 15 to 60°C.
This amount of heat is quite enough for the needs of heating a separate dwelling.
More attractive is the use of a vortex tube to obtain cold. 85 kg/h of cold air passing through heat exchanger 5 will produce 2000-2500 kJ/h of cold, i.e. in terms of 1 kg, the specific refrigeration capacity will be 25 kJ / kgh hour, which is inferior to freon refrigerators, but significantly exceeds the performance of absorption refrigeration machines.
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