|
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese|
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING New technologies for the use of solar energy. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources The now apparent downward trend in environmental impact, as well as the fear of depletion of natural resources, has revived in the scientific world a previously lost interest in alternative power sources and in the development of time-sensitive solar energy solutions. CSP Most people today associate solar energy with shiny black panels (photovoltaic cells) mounted on the roof, absorbing solar energy and converting it into electricity. But such panels are quite rare on residential rooftops, not least because of the exorbitant acquisition and installation costs. However, in addition to black panels, there are a number of ways to capture solar energy on a much larger scale. Researchers are now focusing more and more efforts on "concentrated solar power" systems - CSP (concentrated solar power) for short. In CSP systems, solar radiation is concentrated by optical parts in the area where the receiver is located. The solar energy is then converted into electrical energy. In practice, a CSP system consists of four main elements: a solar field, beam focusing elements, a solar receiver, and a transducer. A number of projects based on this idea are currently being developed and already being tested. The idea of creating such a paraboloid appeared in the mid-1980s. Its most famous incarnation is the nine power plants built in the California desert. These power plants are still operating to this day, producing 354 MW of energy. A number of solar energy projects are also being launched in Europe. The leader is Germany with ten operating solar power plants. In the south of Spain is Platforma Solar de Almeria, a company engaged in research and testing in the field of solar energy technologies. The main concept used in the construction of such structures is the "central tower" - mirrors called heliostats automatically capture the largest amount of solar energy and concentrate radiation on a central receiver located on top of the tower. Europe's first commercial solar power plant to focus the sun's rays was opened in Seville, Spain, in March 2007. The station was named Planta Solar 10. 624 large heliostats focus the sun's rays on a single solar receiver 115 m high. With a maximum temperature of 250 ° C the solar receiver supplies water to the stream, which, in turn, supplies energy to the turbine. The turbine has a peak power of 11 MW, which means the generation of 23 million kWh of electricity per year. This is enough to supply 6 residential buildings and save 000 tons of coal per year. The second tower, Planta Solar 18, is currently under construction and will have a peak capacity of 000 MW. However, the use of panels and towers is not always necessary to operate with solar energy. Another method, the Energy Tower, was developed a quarter of a century ago. Project "Energy Tower" If the project shows its economic viability, we will see one of the tallest buildings on earth, which will dwarf even the 800-meter skyscraper Burj Dubai in the United Arab Emirates with its size. Originally patented as the "Downward Water Spray Energy Tower" by Dr. Philip Carlson in 1975, the design has since 1982 been refined and improved by Professor Dan Zaslavsky of the Technion, Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa. The "Energy Tower" generates electricity by pumping water to the top of a pipe and then spraying it inside. As a result, the high temperature at the top of the pipe causes the water to evaporate, thus cooling the air and making it denser. This cooled air then falls towards the chimney shaft, causing a downdraft that transfers energy to the turbine. Dr. Rami Guetta, project manager at Sharav Sluices Ltd (a company founded by Prof. Zaslavsky to develop the system), said that the technology has attracted huge interest from Australia and the US, but contracts have not yet been signed: "We will need another 18 months to three years for a detailed study of the technology for feasibility, in order to calculate the cost of the project and clearly calculate the costs of building the tower." Depending on the location, which must meet the requirement of a hot dry climate and relative proximity to a water source, the height of the tower should range from a minimum of 600 m to a skyscraper of 1200 m. "Solar Tower" A similar idea, the Updraft Solar Tower, also borrows from past designs. The solar tower, proposed by the Australian firm EnviroMission and the American company SolarMission Technologies, is a direct descendant of the Spanish prototype from 1982. The construction of the 190-meter tower surrounded by collectors (pure plastic shelters that collect warm air), located in the Spanish city of Manzaranes, was the brainchild of the German engineer Jörg Schleich (Jorg Schlaich). Like the Power Tower, the Solar Tower uses air to turn turbines and assumes the availability of a hot climate. But instead of creating downward cold air, it uses hot air from the collectors and directs it into a pipe. For the plan to be viable, the chimney would need to be approximately 1000 meters high, which EnviroMission says would generate up to 200 MW of power for 200 residential buildings. Critics of the Solar Tower project are unhappy that the collectors will take up too much territory (up to 000 km in circumference), as well as that it is too expensive to implement. Publication: MobileDevice.ru
Machine for thinning flowers in gardens
02.05.2024 Advanced Infrared Microscope
02.05.2024 Air trap for insects
01.05.2024
▪ The lightest tablet in the world ▪ Toshiba launches new generation of 4K TVs ▪ Netgear Nighthawk M1 Mobile Router ▪ New 3,5- and 4,5-bit analog-to-digital converters ▪ $7 Hyundai A80 Tablet: 1,5GHz, Android 4.0
▪ section of the site Metal detectors. Article selection ▪ Podshof article. Popular expression ▪ article Where did card games first appear? Detailed answer ▪ article Antenna amplifiers SWA. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua |
See other articles Section 
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
All languages of this page