|
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese|
TOURIST ADVICE
Campfire in the parking lot. Travel Tips
Here are some tips for setting up a campfire in the parking lot. Choosing a campfire site When choosing a place for a fire, care must be taken not to start a fire. And even if environmental issues are alien to you, do not forget that your property and health may suffer. Therefore, it is impossible to make fires under the crowns of trees and closer than 10 meters from them, on peat bogs, near reed thickets, dry grass and moss, in spruce and pine undergrowth, because. in these places, the fire spreads very quickly and is difficult to extinguish. Choose a place sheltered from the wind, clear the ground in a circle with a diameter of 2 m from dry leaves, branches, moss and dry grass. The site should be level so that at night you do not stumble over stones and all sorts of other potholes. It is safest to build a fire near a reservoir, on old fires, post-cotton, or on special sites. In places where hostilities were fought, it would be useful to examine the place of making a fire for "unexploded ordnance". Hearth If the ground is wet or covered with snow, build a platform of green logs, sprinkle them with a layer of earth or overlay with stones. In a swamp or in a heavily watered place for making a fire, you will have to fold a platform of green logs raised above the ground. To do this, it is necessary to drive four vertical supports into the ground, put two crossbars on them. . And thin green logs are already laid on the crossbars, which, in turn, are covered with a layer of earth a few centimeters thick. A fire is lit from above. On a pole laid on the upper forks of diagonally located vertical supports, you can hang a cooking pot, although it is easier to find a dry place In strong winds, dig a small trench and start a fire in it. Instead of digging a trench, you can line the hearth with stones that retain heat and save fuel. The stones serve as a heating pad for pots, and can also be used to heat a bed. Do not place wet or porous stones near the fire, especially those that have been under water - when heated, they can explode and injure you with fragments. Avoid slates and soft rocks. To test, knock the stones against each other and do not use those that crack or sound like they have a void inside. Tinder Tinder is best used to produce a flame; any material that ignites from a single spark can be used as it, for example, crushed dry mushrooms, fluffed cotton wool, burnt cotton fabric, fine dust produced by woodworms, as well as the contents of bird nests. Very good and convenient tinder is obtained from the macerated end of a cotton rope. After it starts to smolder, it is easy to inflate it, and then you can safely engage in making a fire, such tinder will smolder until it is extinguished. Kindling After an open flame is obtained, kindling is necessary. Thin dry twigs or torches, resinous chips, soft wood are best suited for kindling. Birch bark, dry grass, wood shavings, waxed paper, fir cones, pine needles. Kindling must be dry. Don't take it off the ground. If the surface of the kindling is damp, plan it down to dry wood. You can make sticks for kindling. To do this, cut a wooden stick so that curling chips form on it, although it is easier and more reliable to chop a torch. Firewood In the forests, which are rarely visited by tourists, it is not difficult to find firewood; there are usually a lot of branches, fallen trees and other combustible debris lying on the ground. But as a rule, everything that lies on the ground is already pretty rotten and soaked with water, so this should not be collected. It is best to find an upright, but already withered tree, only in this case you are guaranteed to get excellent dry wood for a fire. However, for a small fire, the lower dry branches of pine, cedar, fir or Christmas trees are suitable. Spruce, fir, chestnut, aspen, pine, cedar, larch, juniper, burning, give a lot of large sparks, so firewood from these types of trees is dangerous for tents and clothes. Branches of coniferous trees and birch bark give a smoky flame, sheaves of sparks. Dry birch firewood burns beautifully. In general, the lighter the wood, the better it burns. Soft wood burns quickly, shooting sparks as it does so. Poplar, linden, alder, oak, maple, elm, ash are burning quietly. Conifers are much less prone to rotting - this is prevented by resin. The best firewood from cedar burns beautifully and splits perfectly, but being in nature still do not forget that you are not the only one living on Earth, so do not cut down valuable tree species. Yes, and the cedar did not grow for 500 years to burn in a fire because of your laziness. Wood of such hard species as, for example, beech and oak burns well, for a long time and gives a lot of heat, unlike alder, spruce, pine, birch and willow firewood. In order to have as little smoke as possible from the fire, it is necessary to take as dry and non-tarry firewood as possible. To make the fire flare up faster, use a dry tree. When the fire flares up, you can put green and damp firewood into it. Chopped firewood burns better than round timber, and even in the bark, which absorbs a lot of moisture. Other fuels In treeless areas "no time for fat", you have to burn everything that can burn, in particular, dry dung of ruminants - dung, it must be thoroughly dried and mixed with grass and leaves. Peat. It can be found in wetlands. It is a soft, fibrous, resilient brown or black substrate. Before using peat as a fuel, it must be dried. When burning peat, it is necessary to ensure reliable ventilation. Coal. In the tundra, it sometimes occurs on the surface. Slates. Saturated with oil, burn well. Some types of sand also contain oil and burn with thick smoke, which is good for signaling. Fuel. Petroleum, hydraulic fluid, engine oils, insect repellants can serve as fuel if needed. Oil-soaked tires, upholstery, and rubber seals also burn well. Animal fat. To burn it, you should use a tin with a wick lowered into it. Burning oils. Mix motor fuel with sand and burn it in a vented can or dig a hole for a fire. You can burn oil mixed with fuel or antifreeze. Do not attempt to ignite liquid fuel directly: use a wick to keep the fire going. Kerosene or diesel fuel. Make a small hole at the base of two tin cans where liquids are poured, and by inserting plugs tapering to one end into the holes, regulate the flow of liquids with them. Kerosene and water flow down the gutter onto the metal sheet. To increase the flow of liquid, the stick-plug should be pulled towards you, to reduce it, push it even further. Stick to the following proportion: 2-3 drops of water to 1 drop of kerosene. To warm up the metal sheet, make a small fire under it. After the sheet is heated, set fire to the mixture itself. It is highly volatile, and anything will burn in it. Harvesting firewood Thin dry trees can be felled without an ax by slowly tilting them towards the ground. If this fails, you should not try to swing them, because. in this case, most likely, the top will first break off and fall on your head. If you need to fell a large standing tree, see if it has a natural slope. If the tree has any noticeable natural slope, then it must be felled in the same direction. Evaluate how the tree will fall, whether it will hang, clinging to the top of the branches of neighboring trees. On a windy day, it will not be possible to fill up a tree against the wind, bring down the wind or a little to the side. You need to start cutting from the side where the tree should fall, make a cut, about a third or a quarter of the diameter of the trunk. Then they begin to make a hem on the opposite side (about a palm above the first hem). When the second undercut becomes deep enough, the tree falls under its own weight in the direction where the lower undercut is made. If the counter cut is not made, then this will lead to unnecessary work, because. in order to get to the last layers of wood holding the tree in a vertical position with an ax, you have to greatly expand the cut made. In addition, the trunk may begin to fall towards the woodcutter; when falling, the tree is chipped and this chip, like a spring, can strongly throw the butt back. From a fallen tree, you must first remove the knots by walking along it with an ax. The branches are immediately collected in a heap. They will also go to the fire. After that, you can cut the trunk into logs of the desired length. Trying to do this before the tree is knotted should not be. A fallen tree almost always rests on its branches. If, in this position, you start chopping the trunk, then the branches will absorb the blows of the ax. Forces will leave a lot, and the effect will be insignificant. When cutting a tree into logs, just like when felling, blows chopping and knocking out wood alternate. It is necessary to alternate strikes with a swing from one and the other shoulder. One blow cuts wood, and the second (oncoming) with a swing from the other shoulder knocks it out. They make a cut on a lying log not from above, but a little from the side, on the side that faces from the chopping one. Make sure that the one who plucked the ax does not hit you on the leg. It is better not to chop thin long trunks and branches, but to break them with a blow against a stone, tree trunk or log. When you wave these poles, watch where the debris will fly, so as not to inadvertently hurt one of your fellow travelers. Chopped firewood burns much better Logs can be split without an ax by putting a knife to the end of the log and striking the blade with a stone. The resulting gap can be widened with a wooden wedge inserted into the gap and hammered further and further. The knife, of course, after a couple of days of such work can be thrown away, but if it gets very hot, what can you do. Instead of a knife, you can use any piece of iron that is flat and pointed at one end.
Artificial leather for touch emulation
15.04.2024 Petgugu Global cat litter
15.04.2024 The attractiveness of caring men
14.04.2024
▪ MSP430FR6047 - microcontroller for ultrasonic meters ▪ 192-core processor for smartphones and tablets ▪ Volvo self-driving trucks for sugarcane harvesting
▪ site section Parameters, analogues, marking of radio components. Article selection ▪ article Factors destroying health and their prevention. Basics of safe life ▪ article Who was the first Moscow prince? Detailed answer ▪ article Live computer. Focus Secret
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua |
We recommend interesting articles Section 
See other articles Section 
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
All languages of this page