Thunderstorms. Travel Tips

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Thunderstorms. Travel Tips

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Storm - this is an atmospheric phenomenon in which electrical discharges - lightning - occur in cumulonimbus clouds or between a cloud and the earth's surface. In fact, a thunderstorm - a thunderstorm of discord. There are several types of thunderstorms that form in different conditions, have different strengths, according to which you need to plan your actions.

Single cell thunderstorms

These thunderstorms are also called lightning impulse. They can form in the presence of a strong local upward flow of air. Real single-cell thunderstorms are relatively rare, since even the weakest ones are usually a multi-cell structure.

Single-cell thunderstorms are transient, lasting less than half an hour and do not cause major weather changes. May be accompanied by small hail, short but heavy rains, and sometimes weak tornadoes. Such weather conditions can be observed along the entire path of the thunderstorm.

Predicting the development of such a thunderstorm is extremely difficult. The degree of danger is low.

Multicell linear thunderstorms (squall line)

Multi-cell linear thunderstorms are a line of thunderstorms with a clearly defined front that has significant (tens of kilometers) linear dimensions. An approaching multi-cell line can be recognized by the dark wall of clouds that usually covers the horizon from the western side. A huge number of closely spaced ascending and descending air currents makes it possible to qualify this complex of thunderstorms as a multi-cell thunderstorm, but its thunderstorm structure differs sharply from a multi-cell cluster thunderstorm.

Squall lines bring abrupt weather changes near the updraft/downdraft interface at the leading edge of a thunderstorm. Characterized by gusty winds, golf ball-sized hail and gusty tornadoes are possible. Sometimes it leads to flooding, this happens when the squall line slows down its forward movement or stops, and thunderstorms moving parallel to the line repeatedly pass through the same area.

Multicell cluster thunderstorms

If the thunderstorm cells are at different levels of development, the thunderstorm is classified as a multicell cluster thunderstorm.

Multi-cell cluster thunderstorms consist of a group of cells moving as a unit, with the cells at different levels of the thunderstorm life cycle. At the beginning of the development of a multi-cell cluster thunderstorm, individual cells dominate. New cells tend to form along the upwind edge of a thunderstorm (usually west or southwest), with mature cells located in the center and scattered cells found along the lee edge of the thunderstorm (east or northeast).

The change in weather caused by multicell thunderstorms can be very diverse. Organized multi-cell thunderstorms have a very high weather-forming potential, with frequent lightning strikes, moderate hail floods, and weak tornadoes.

The most intense change in weather conditions is observed near the interface of ascending air currents, which, in turn, is located in the rear of the thunderstorm and near the front.

Disorganized multi-cell thunderstorms, which are simple conglomerates of individual cells, are closer in their consequences to lightning impulses.

The degree of prediction of possible damage and the degree of danger to humans is medium.

Supercell thunderstorms differ from all those listed in their power, as well as the presence of a strong rotation of ascending air currents (mesocyclone).

The flank line of a super-cell thunderstorm behaves somewhat differently compared to a multi-cell cluster thunderstorm, in which the elements of rotation typically merge into the main rotating airflow and then explode vertically. A super-cell thunderstorm is characterized by the division of thunderstorm cells. As a consequence, flank airflows support the central airflow rather than counteract it.

This is a fairly rare type of thunderstorm, however, it is the most dangerous due to the fact that it brings the maximum possible disaster. It is characterized by heavy rains, large hail, floods are possible,

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