Upper clouds. Travel Tips

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Upper clouds. Travel Tips

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Usually abouttop tier blaka very thin and white. Of course, when the Sun is low on the horizon, they can be warm-toned. These clouds consist mainly of ice crystals, and therefore, depending on the latitude of observation, they form at different heights. In temperate latitudes above 5 km, in polar regions above 3 km, in tropical latitudes above 6 km. These include cirrus, cirrostratus, and cirrocumulus.

Upper clouds include:

Cirrus (Cirrus, Ci) - individual white fibrous clouds, thin and transparent, occasionally with dense or flocculent formations. They are located in the form of beams and stripes, going through the whole sky and converging at the horizon. Light up the sky well. The average height of the lower border is 7-10 km, the thickness is from hundreds of meters to several kilometers [1]. They are formed in the zone of atmospheric fronts due to air cooling during ascending movement, as well as in the tops of cumulonimbus clouds during their decay. They have a crystalline microstructure. Precipitation from cirrus clouds never reaches the earth's surface.

Cirrocumulus (Cirrocumulus, Cc) - white thin clouds that look like small waves, flakes or ripples ("sky in whites"). They form layers or parallel ridges. Light up the sky well. The average height of the lower border is 6-8 km, the thickness is 0,2-0,4 km[2]. They are formed as a result of wave and ascending movements in the upper troposphere. They have a crystalline microstructure. Made up of ice crystals. Precipitation from cirrocumulus clouds does not fall.

Cirrostratus (Cirrostratus, Cs) - a thin uniform veil of white or bluish color, sometimes slightly fibrous structure. Sometimes they are located in large numbers, covering the entire sky. The sun, the moon, bright stars shine through, the blue sky does not shine through well. The average height of the lower border is 6-8 km, the thickness is from 0,1 to several kilometers [3]. Cirrostratus clouds serve as a harbinger of worse weather. Quite often they appear after the end of cloudy or rainy weather. The appearance of cirrostratus clouds causes the phenomenon of a halo - a luminous ring around the Sun or Moon. They are formed as a result of adiabatic cooling of air during its upward movement in the upper troposphere in the zones of atmospheric fronts. They have a crystalline structure. Precipitation falling from cirrostratus clouds does not reach the earth's surface.

They have a lot of varieties, certain types are harbingers of weather changes:

cirrus fibrous cloud (cirrus fibratus) - long white, sometimes almost rectilinear threads;
pinnate claw-like (cirrus uncinus) relatively small with a comma-shaped bend at the end;
cirrus dense - the upper icy part of the anvil of thunderclouds (cirrus spissatus). Unlike ordinary cirrus clouds, it is dense and obscures the sun;
mixed up (intortus) - a ball of differently directed stripes;
radial (radiantus) - parallel stripes, seem to converge in the distance;
spinal (vertebratus) have a characteristic crossing.

Cirrocumulus - small "lambs" sometimes similar to fish scales, can be observed along with cirrus clouds. More precisely, cirrocumulus clouds look like a veil or stripes, consisting of small white elements with clear contours, evenly spaced, composed of ice particles.

Among the varieties of cirrocumulus clouds, one can distinguish:

flaky (flocus) consist of very well-aimed flakes with a blurred bottom;
turreted (castellanus), each element of which is a small vertically developed tower with a relatively clear horizontal base,
stratiformis - long, thin layers with the inclusion of granular elements characteristic of clouds of this genus (they are also called lenticular if the cloud bank has an almond-shaped or lenticular shape);
full of holes (lacunosus), dotted with uniform holes, similar to a sieve or sieve.

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