Labor protection instruction for a forklift driver

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Labor protection instruction for a forklift driver. Full Document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General safety requirements

1.1. Individuals at least 18 years of age who have completed theoretical and practical training, passed an exam and have a certificate for the right to drive a forklift are allowed to independently drive forklift trucks.

1.2. Before being allowed to work, forklift drivers must undergo a medical examination, an introductory briefing on labor safety, an initial briefing at the workplace, and master practical skills for safe work when driving forklifts when lifting, transporting and stacking goods.

The results of testing the knowledge and skills obtained during the briefing should be recorded in the logs of registration of introductory briefing and briefing at the workplace.

1.3. The performance of other work by the driver of the loader is allowed subject to the availability of a permit (certificate) giving the right to carry out specific types of work.

1.4. When temporarily or permanently transferred to another job, drivers are required to undergo additional safety training at the workplace, familiarize themselves with working conditions and internal regulations, with the design of new equipment, devices and methods for safe work on them.

1.5. If it is contraindicated to perform the previous work for health reasons in accordance with a medical report, the loader driver is transferred to another job.

1.6. In the process of work, the driver may be exposed to the following hazardous and harmful production factors:

moving machines and mechanisms;
transported and stored goods;
increased dust content in the air of the working area;
reduced air temperature of the working area;
insufficient illumination of the working area;
sharp edges, burrs on the surfaces of equipment, tools.

1.7. Forklift drivers, depending on the working conditions, must be provided with personal protective equipment:

cotton overalls;
rubber boots;
combined gloves.
For outdoor work in winter additionally:
a jacket and trousers made of cotton with an insulating lining.

1.8. Forklift drivers are required to perform only the work that is assigned by the administration and is part of their duties.

1.9. When performing loading and unloading operations, transportation of goods, it is necessary to adhere to the accepted technology of cargo processing. It is not allowed to use methods that speed up the execution of technological operations, but lead to a violation of safety requirements.

1.10. In the event that any questions arise during the work related to its safe performance, the loader driver is obliged to immediately contact the person responsible for the safe performance of work in this area.

1.11. It is not allowed to operate faulty loaders. The driver and the person responsible for maintaining the lifting equipment in good condition are responsible for working on a faulty forklift.

1.12. The loader must always be clean, there must be no foreign objects in the cab, tools and necessary parts must be in specially designated places.

1.13. In winter, it is necessary to ensure that the area where the work is being done is cleared of ice and snow.

1.14. With the onset of darkness, in the absence of sufficient artificial lighting of the passages of the storage area, acceptance of goods, etc. the driver must stop work and inform the person responsible for the safe performance of work in this area. In case of noticed damage to the luminaire lamp, inform the electrician on duty.

1.15. Crossing by a loader of rail tracks is allowed if there is a flooring at the level of the rail head.

1.16. Drivers must monitor the maintenance intervals for the forklift and, if necessary, inform the person responsible for maintaining the lifting equipment in good condition.

1.17. During the work shift, you should observe the correct diet, work and rest. Rest and smoke should only be in designated areas.

1.18. In case of injury, you should immediately stop work, notify the administration of the enterprise and seek medical help.

1.19. Loaders must be maintained and operated in accordance with the passport, the manufacturer's instructions and the Operating Instructions for loading and unloading machines.

1.20. When driving through the territory of the enterprise, it is necessary to use only the established passages. The speed of movement on the territory should not exceed 10 km / h, and in enclosed spaces - 5 km / h.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, forklift drivers must:

check the serviceability of personal protective equipment, if the conditions of work require their use;
inspect the roads, driveways along which the cargo is to be transported, if some sections of the path are slippery (doused with water, machine oil, etc.), it is necessary to take measures to eliminate pollution. In winter, the roads must be cleared of snow, and in case of ice - sprinkled with sand or slag.

2.2. Check the serviceability of the forklift; make sure that the chains are not damaged and that they are properly fastened to the frame and carriage of the forklift, check by external inspection the welds of the upper brackets, chains, the reliability of fastening of the pins, hinges of the levers, as well as the operation of all mechanisms of the forklift.

2.3. Check the condition of the tires and their pressure.

2.4. Inspect the engine; check for fuel leaks from the tank, pump and taps, check for the presence and level of brake fluid in the master cylinder, and check that the flexible hoses are not damaged.

2.5. Check the operation of the foot and hand brakes, if necessary, adjust them.

2.6. Check the amount of play and serviceability of the power steering, the connection of the steering levers and rods, as well as the ball pins of the power steering.

2.7. Make sure that the horn, brake light and turn lights, headlight switches, tail light are working properly.

2.8. Check the operation of the lifting and tilting mechanisms of the forklift frame.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. Before carrying out loading and unloading operations and transportation of cargo, it is necessary to set the width of the forks of the loader in accordance with the dimensions of this cargo. With respect to the vertical frame, the forks should be located symmetrically, and their lower ends should be in the same plane.

3.2. It is not allowed to lift and transport a load that exceeds the capacity of the forklift. Violation of these conditions can lead to loss of control and longitudinal instability.

3.3. It is forbidden to exceed the speed of the forklift when cornering, when driving around the corners of buildings, crossing railway tracks, intersections and in narrow places. The speed in this case should be no more than 3 km / h.

3.4. It is not allowed to carry out loading and unloading operations, manual carrying and transportation of goods at the same time in the forklift operation area. When the driver is in the work area of the forklift, the driver must stop the work and inform the person responsible for the safe performance of work in this area.

3.5. The load should be lifted smoothly, without jerks, by slowly moving the spool valve lever.

3.6. Tilt the forklift frame forward with the load raised should be done carefully and only with supports under the forks. It is not allowed to raise the carriage and tilt the frame to extreme positions, as this can create a sharp increase in pressure in the hydraulic system. When the pressure reducing valve is actuated, the spool valve handle must be immediately placed in the neutral position.

3.7. Lifting (lowering) of the load must be carried out while the loader is stopped. When driving both with a load and without a load, the loader frame should be set to the transport position, in which the forks should be raised 200-300 mm from the ground, and the frame should be fully tilted back.

3.8. The driver of a forklift should only move large loads obstructing the road if there is a person accompanying the loader, who indicates the road and gives signals.

3.9. The forklift driver must be especially careful when tilting the forklift frame with a lifted load, avoid sudden movement of the tilt cylinder control lever and sudden braking. Sudden braking when tilting the forklift frame can cause the truck to tip over or the load to fall out.

3.10. The lowering of the load is carried out by the lifting and lowering lever set in the lowering position.

The spool valve lever must be held by hand during the entire descent or ascent, otherwise the lever may not be held and automatically set to the neutral position, which will turn off the pump motor.

3.11. The forklift driver is required to give an audible signal in crowded places, in aisles, when driving past doors and through gates, when turning, starting off and reversing.

3.12. When driving the forklift through narrow aisles, special care must be taken to avoid hitting stacked loads.

3.13. If the loader loses a stable position (rear wheels are lifted off the ground), the load must be lowered.

3.14. Tilt the forklift with the lifted load forward is allowed only after the forklift approaches close to the stack.

3.15. When the loader is moving, sharp braking, sharp turns with a load are not allowed.

3.16. The forklift driver must transport the load only when it is placed close to the vertical frame of the forklift and evenly spaced relative to the right and left forks.

3.17. The driver must drive up to the place of loading (unloading) only in low gear. It is not allowed to abruptly brake the loader on icy, wet and slippery roads, as this can lead to an accident and tip over of the loader.

3.18. When processing packaged goods, the loader driver must comply with the following requirements:

processing should be subject to packaged goods, laid on pallets or bars, making it possible to freely bring the forks under the load;
processing of small piece cargo should be carried out in a special container that protects it from falling during transportation;
when performing loading and unloading operations with packaged cargo, grips should be used, due to both the type of transported cargo and the features of the process itself;
processing of bulky cargo with a mass not exceeding the load capacity of forklifts should be carried out by forklifts using special extensions put on standard forklifts;
to release the forks from piece cargo by pushing it when stacking without a pallet or pads, it is necessary to use a pusher;
when processing round cargoes (rolls of paper, barrels, drums, etc.), a universal tilting gripper should be used as a lifting device;
processing of goods with a through hole (rolls, coils of wire, drums, tires) should be carried out by loaders with pin and grips;
for the processing of goods in bags, standard drums, rolls laid horizontally, as well as other light goods with holes for inserting pins, loaders with multi-pin grips should be used;
when performing loading and unloading and transport operations with piece cargo in cramped conditions (warehouses, covered railway cars, containers), where maneuvering is difficult, carriages with transverse movement of the forks to the left or right relative to the longitudinal axis of the loader should be used.

3.19. For handling long and complex loads that can be stacked on a pallet, loaders with a (blockless) crane boom should be used.

3.20. When working with a blockless boom, the load must first be lifted and then moved.

3.21. Lifting and moving loads with a non-blocking boom loader in places that are dangerous for work must be carried out only in the presence of a person responsible for the safe performance of work.

3.22. When carrying out loading and unloading operations, it is necessary to monitor the position of the boom, not to lift or lower a load with a mass greater than that provided for a given inclination of the loader's boom (the maximum load capacity of the loader, depending on the inclination of the boom, should be indicated on a special indicator at the foot of the boom).

3.23. Do not extend the boom to increase its reach. Remember that you are responsible for the seal on the fork that secures the length of the arrow!

3.24. Keep people away from the boom while the loader is in operation.

3.25. If there is a load on the loader hook, it is not allowed to switch the lifting mechanism from the “Hook up” position to the “Boom up” position and vice versa.

3.26. Before turning on the mechanism of movement of the loader, install the boom along the central axis of the loader itself and fix it in this position.

3.27. Do not use open flames (matches or a torch) and do not smoke when checking the fuel level in the tank.

3.28. Do not leave the forklift near flammable materials to avoid fire from the forklift's exhaust pipe.

3.29. Do not leave the machine unattended with the engine running, do not leave the control post with the load raised.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. In the event of a malfunction of the forklift (failure of the brake, steering, etc., extraneous noise or knocking in the operation of the forklift), it is necessary to stop work and notify the person responsible for the safe performance of work or the mechanic.

4.2. In the event of a fire on the forklift, the driver must immediately begin to extinguish the fire with the means available on the forklift. At the same time, call the fire brigade and inform the administration of the enterprise.

4.3. In case of an accident, immediately stop work, contact the medical center and at the same time notify the management of the enterprise.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. At the end of the shift, the forklift driver must:

clean the loader from dirt and, if necessary, wash it, wipe the dust from the platform and batteries;
conduct an external inspection of the loader in order to identify possible deformations, cracks, nicks, dents;
check if oil is leaking from the hydraulic system, crankcase, travel mechanism, hydraulic brake device;
if necessary, put a loader to recharge the batteries;
in winter, drain the water from the forklift cooling system.

5.2. All noticed malfunctions must be made an appropriate entry in the log on the technical condition of the machine, reported to the person responsible for maintaining the lifting machines in good condition, and measures must be taken to eliminate the malfunctions.

5.3. After completing all work, the forklift driver should wash his hands with warm water and, if possible, take a shower.

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