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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions on labor protection for a linear pipeliner. Full Document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection 1.1. This instruction sets out the basic requirements for the organization and conduct of the safe operation of linear pipelines of the main oil product pipelines of JSC "Transnefteprodukt". 1.2. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, theoretical and practical training, tested knowledge of labor safety requirements in the prescribed manner and have received permission to work independently are allowed to work as a linear pipeline operator of main oil product pipelines. The linear pipeliner must have a qualification group for electrical safety not lower than II. 1.3. A linear pipeline may be exposed to the following hazardous and harmful factors: toxic vapors and gases, burns, electric current, frostbite, sun and heat stroke, mechanical injury. 1.3.1. The linear pipeline operator must know the hazardous properties of petroleum products and their vapors, as well as the dimensions of explosive zones during normal operation of the equipment and in case of damage to it with leakage and spillage of petroleum products. In case of poisoning with vapors of petroleum products, the following appear: headache, "knocking in the temples", "ringing in the ears", general weakness, dizziness, palpitations, nausea and vomiting; with severe poisoning, drowsiness, apathy, indifference occur, and with severe poisoning, an excited state with erratic movements, loss or holding of breath. 1.3.2. Burns caused by fire, steam, hot objects and substances, exposure to electric current or electric arc along the depth of the lesion cause redness and swelling of the skin, water bubbles, necrosis of the surface and deep layers of the skin, charring of the skin, damage to muscles, tendons and bones. 1.3.3. Touching live parts under voltage causes in most cases involuntary convulsive muscle contraction and general excitation, which leads to disruption and even complete cessation of the activity of the respiratory and circulatory organs. 1.3.4. As a result of prolonged exposure to low temperature, wind, high humidity, wearing tight or wet shoes, immobility, tissue damage or frostbite occurs. Fingers, hands, feet, ears, nose are most susceptible to frostbite. 1.3.5. A cut, chopped, stab wound resulting from a mechanical injury can easily become contaminated with microbes and cause external or internal bleeding. With fractures, dislocations, the victim experiences acute pain, which sharply increases when trying to change the position of the damaged part of the body. When falling, hitting, the first signs of a skull fracture are bleeding from the ears and mouth, unconsciousness, and concussion - headache, nausea, vomiting, loss of consciousness. Signs of damage to the spine are: sharp pain, inability to bend your back and turn around. 1.4. The linear pipeline operator must be provided with overalls, safety shoes and personal protective equipment, including for work in emergency situations, including:
In winter additionally:
1.5. The linear pipeliner must know the route of the main pipeline, technological schemes of structures, the arrangement and purpose of fittings, instruments and equipment located in the serviced area. All equipment must be operated in accordance with its instructions for use. 1.6. The line piping team must be provided with appropriate industrial equipment and vehicles, which must be in constant good order and ready for immediate use. It is forbidden to use this equipment for other purposes. 1.7. Persons who have the right to operate a machine of this type are allowed to operate and maintain repair machines. 1.8. It is prohibited to smoke, make fire and place any open or closed sources of fire in the right of way and in the security zone of pipelines. 1.9. Eating is allowed only in rooms specially equipped for rest and sleep, heated in the cold season, with a washbasin and shower. 1.10. Heating appliances of household premises must have guards to avoid burns. It is forbidden to use homemade or defective electric heaters. 1.11. Household premises should be kept clean and tidy. Tanks with fresh drinking water should be closed with lockable lids and covered with canvas covers. 1.12. It is forbidden to wash overalls and wash hands in flammable liquids. It is forbidden to dry overalls on heating devices. 1.13. The line pipeline operator must be able to use personal protective equipment and provide first (pre-medical) assistance to victims of injuries, poisoning, burns and electric shocks. If necessary, call an ambulance, report the accident to your immediate supervisor or station dispatcher, and keep the workplace situation unchanged until the investigation, if it does not pose a threat to workers and does not lead to an accident. 1.14. The linear pipeline operator must comply with the internal labor regulations and labor discipline. 1.15. For non-compliance with the requirements of this instruction, the linear pipeline operator shall bear disciplinary, financial or criminal liability in accordance with the established procedure. 2. Labor protection requirements before starting work 2.1. Wear the appropriate overalls and footwear in accordance with the weather and local conditions. Overalls should be worn buttoned up, they should not have hanging ends. 2.2. Check the serviceability of portable radio or telephone communications, personal protective equipment and safety devices. Life belts and safety ropes must have test certificates. It is forbidden to use faulty personal protective equipment and safety devices, as well as those with expired expiration dates and tests. 2.3. Check the availability, serviceability and suitability of tools and fixtures:
2.4. The tool must be made of metal that does not spark when struck. 2.5. Tools and small parts should be kept in a special bag or tool box. At the same time, sharp, cutting edges of the tool must be protected by covers. 2.6. Check the availability of a first-aid kit, stocked with a supply of medicines and dressings. 2.7. Before leaving for the place of work, check the presence in the emergency vehicle (bus) of portable warning signs to protect the places of leaks and spills of oil products, repaired areas and primary fire extinguishing equipment. 3. Labor protection requirements during work 3.1. Earthworks on the route of the oil product pipeline are allowed to be carried out with a work permit. 3.2. Before starting earthworks on an oil product pipeline, it is necessary to clarify the depth of its laying. 3.3. When digging trenches, in order to avoid damage to the pipeline by an excavator bucket that is not suitable for full opening, the soil is developed at a distance of 0,15-0,20 m to the upper and side forming pipes. Further digging of trenches must be done manually with shovels without the use of percussion instruments (pick, crowbar), avoiding sharp blows, to a depth below the lower generatrix of at least 0,75 m. 3.4. When developing frozen soil with sledgehammers, handles should be used to hold the wedges. It is forbidden to hold the wedges with your hands. 3.5. In places of passage of people or vehicles when digging trenches, it is necessary to install fences and safety signs, and at night - a safety light signal. 3.6. It is possible to cross a trench with an open oil product pipeline only on an inventory bridge with a railing, which has at least one intermediate support. 3.7. It is necessary to descend into the trench and climb out of it with the help of ladders installed with a slope of 1: 3, at a distance of no more than 100 m between two ladders. 3.8. During long stops and at the end of the shift, the repaired section of the oil product pipeline must be laid on beds or supports located at a distance of at least 2 m from the joint. Wooden blocks, sleepers should be used as beds. 3.9. Move, remove and lay the beds under the oil pipeline with hooks for special brackets on the beds and only after complete braking of the lifting mechanism. It is forbidden to leave the pipeline in a raised state with the help of lifting mechanisms. 3.10. In places of repair work, it is necessary to dig a pit, expanding the trench by 1,5 m in each direction. The depth of the pit should be equal to the depth of the trench, and the length should be at least 2,5 m. To collect and pump out groundwater in the pit, a pit 0,5 m deep should be dug at the joint welding site. 3.11. Two convenient exits in opposite directions should be arranged in the pit. 3.12. The soil excavated from the excavation trench should be placed no closer than 0,5 m from the edge of the trench. 3.13. Smoking and making fire in dug trenches, pits and pits is not allowed. 3.14. In swampy areas, in the presence of a floater, soil development must be carried out with driving of sheet piles or other devices that limit the flow of water to the place of restoration work and protect the walls of the trench or pit from collapsing. 3.15. If longitudinal cracks appear on the walls of the trench, excavation or the strength of the slopes is broken, the repair work should be suspended, people should be removed from the trenches, measures should be taken against soil collapse (strengthening the walls of the trench, cutting the soil to increase the slopes, etc.). 3.16. The choice of appropriate slopes for fixing the walls of the trench or pit should be made depending on the soil and the depth of the pipeline. 3.17. The fastening of trenches and pits must be disassembled from below as the soil is backfilled. In places where dismantling of fasteners is dangerous for workers, as well as in soils saturated with water, the fastening should be partially or completely left in the ground. 3.18. Before backfilling a section of an oil product pipeline, make sure that there are no people or foreign objects in the trench, pit. 3.19. When performing hot insulation work on an oil product pipeline, a linear pipeline operator must comply with the following requirements:
3.20. Before cleaning and insulating the oil product pipeline, it is necessary to determine the level of gas contamination of the trench using a gas analyzer (every 100 m) and record the result of the analysis in a log. 3.21. Use a mirror with a curved handle to inspect the underside of the pipeline. It is forbidden to inspect the lower part of the pipeline while under it. 3.22. When cleaning a pipeline with a highly corrosive surface, in order to avoid the penetration of metal dust into the respiratory organs, respirators or gauze bandages should be used, and safety goggles with plain glasses should be used to protect the eyes. 3.23. Before applying the insulation, clean and flush the surface of the pipeline. Flushing the oil product pipeline with leaded gasoline and other flammable and flammable liquids is prohibited. The pipeline surface must be dry. 3.24. When applying a primer to the outer surface of an oil product pipeline, it is prohibited to perform other work on this section. 3.25. When working with primers and solvents, it is prohibited:
3.26. A bucket with a lid must be filled with heated bitumen to 2/3 of its volume, and lowered to the bottom of the trench or pit with a rope with a carabiner, standing on the bridge. Passing a bucket of hot bitumen from hand to hand is prohibited. 3.27. It is forbidden to smoke or perform activities leading to the appearance of sparks in the places of preparation, storage, priming, as well as when applying insulation. 3.28. In places where bituminous mastic is prepared, there should be a set of fire fighting equipment: three fire extinguishers, a box with dry sand (at least 1 m3 in volume), a shovel, technical felt, tarpaulin or asbestos cloth. 3.29. During repair work on oil product pipelines, trenches and wells (in the event of work being carried out in them) must be preliminarily inspected by the work manager with an air analysis by a gas analyzer and recording the results in a journal. 3.30. You can not approach the trench, wells with fire, smoke. When inspecting them, only explosion-proof lamps should be used, the switching on and off of which should be carried out outside the explosive zone. The use of open fire, candle or lamp lanterns when descending into a trench or a well is prohibited. 3.31. A preliminary inspection of the wells must be carried out from above, without descending into them. When opening the hatch of the well, you should stand with your back to the wind so that the outgoing vapors of the oil product are carried by the wind to the side. 3.32. In the presence of oil products and gas contamination in trenches, wells, switching chambers, etc. all work in them on repair, cleaning and switching of shutoff valves should be carried out according to the permit, drawn up in the prescribed manner, in a hose gas mask using a safety belt with ropes, the free ends of which are brought out and are in the hands of two observers for one worker. 3.33. Observers must wear the same protective equipment as the worker. 3.34. When working in wells and other gassed places, the observer is obliged to periodically interrogate the worker in a hose gas mask about his well-being by shouting or pre-agreed signal twitching of the rope. 3.35. The term of a one-time stay of an employee in a hose gas mask should not exceed 15 minutes, followed by a rest in clean air for at least 15 minutes. 3.36. If you feel unwell or feel unwell, a hose is punctured, the blower stops, as well as when a worker tries to remove a gas mask helmet, work must be suspended, and the worker removed from the high-risk work area. 3.37. After prompt switching, inspection of shut-off valves and devices located in the wells, the covers of the latter must be closed, making sure that there are no people and tools left in them. It is not allowed to use crowbars, pipes and other objects that can cause a spark or breakage to open and close well covers. 3.38. Opening and closing of valves and its repair should be carried out by linear pipeliners as part of an emergency team at the direction of the LPDS. 3.39. In the area of welding work on the pipe, analysis of oil product vapors using a gas analyzer must be carried out before starting work and during their production at least every hour, with the results recorded in a log. 3.40. When preparing for gas welding (cutting) of metal, it is not allowed to remove the cap from the cylinder with blows from a hammer, chisel or other tool that causes a spark. 3.41. In the event of a malfunction of the safety valve and (or) pressure gauge on the cylinders (tanks), welding (cutting) is prohibited. It is forbidden to repair cylinders and fittings during gas welding. 3.42. When carrying out gas-flame work at an air temperature of more than 35 ° C, in rainy, snowy weather and in strong winds, the welder's workplace should be protected from exposure to sunlight with an umbrella or awning, and from precipitation and wind - with a tent, shields. 3.43. When gas cutting, care must be taken to ensure that the cut off parts cannot fall on workers and on cylinders. 3.44. When cutting metal with a benzo-, kerosene- and oxygen cutter, it is prohibited:
3.45. It is not allowed to use clothes and gloves with traces of oils, gasoline, kerosene and other flammable liquids during welding. 3.46. Welding sites must be cleaned of traces of oil products and covered with sand or soil before starting work. 3.47. During welding, all other types of work near the welding site should be stopped, and mechanisms not involved in welding and installation work should be removed at a distance of at least 30 m from the welding site. 3.48. Cutting a pipe section, welding work on tie-in and replacement of pipes are carried out on a disconnected oil product pipeline in the absence of liquid oil product in the pipeline and the possibility of oil product vapors entering the work site is excluded. It is forbidden to conduct hot work during the repair of pipelines and valves during the pumping of petroleum products. Simultaneous operation of a gas cutter and an electric welder in the pit is prohibited. 3.49. Places of repair work must be provided with primary fire extinguishing equipment. 3.50. The tool required for work should be laid no closer than 0,5 m from the edge of the trench or pit. It is forbidden to stack materials and tools on the slope of the dump of the earth from the side of the trench and the pit. The use of electric drills and other power tools that produce sparks is prohibited. You need to lower the tool in a closed box with a rope. It is forbidden to throw a tool or any object from a height. Tools and accessories must only be used for their intended purpose. 3.51. Windows for stuffing clay tampons, which prevent the flow of an explosive vapor-air mixture to the place of hot work, should be prepared in a non-flammable way, using a cutter, using hand cutting tools that exclude sparking, under the supervision of a person responsible for carrying out hot work. 3.52. When drilling and cutting the metal of the pipeline, cleaning the ends of the pipes and the weld, it is necessary to use goggles or a protective shield made of transparent plastic. 3.53. To isolate the damaged section of the pipeline from the main line, where hot work will be carried out, the use of inflatable rubber devices is possible only if they have a mark on passing industrial tightness tests. 3.54. Repair work must be immediately stopped if during the performance of these works it is discovered:
3.55. Work can be resumed only after the identification and elimination of the causes that led to the emergency. 3.56. During the cleaning of the pipeline cavity or strength testing and leak testing of the restored section of the oil product pipeline, the linear pipeline operator should be outside the established security zone and act on the orders of the work manager. 4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations 4.1. If, during the opening of an oil product pipeline or during repair work, an oil product leak (detected) occurs, it is necessary to stop stripping or repair work, turn off the engines of excavators and mechanisms operating near the place where the oil product exits, leave the danger zone for personnel, report the incident to the work manager, dispatcher. Alert fire extinguishers. 4.2. Protect the place of the oil spill with signal flags and signs: “Do not approach with fire”, “Do not smoke”, “Dangerous, oil product”, and mark with signal lights at night. 4.3. To localize and prevent the spread of oil products, urgent measures must be taken by digging pits, trenches, and embankment construction. Do not allow oil products to enter water bodies. 4.4. If the pipe wall is burned, all work should be immediately stopped, the work manager, operator or station dispatcher should be informed, fire extinguishing equipment should be ready, and before the arrival of the emergency recovery team, proceed to eliminate the damage. 4.5. In case of ignition of bitumen during insulation work, the boiler should be tightly closed with a lid, and the firebox should be extinguished. If the burning in the boiler does not stop, start extinguishing the burning bituminous mastic with a fire extinguisher or sand. It is forbidden to extinguish ignited bituminous mastic with water or snow. 4.6. In the event of a fire, take measures to call the fire brigade and start extinguishing the fire using primary fire extinguishing equipment in accordance with the plans for eliminating accidents and extinguishing fires. 5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work 5.1. Upon completion of work it is necessary:
5.2. At the end of work, take a warm shower, wash your face and hands thoroughly with warm water and soap, and change clothes. Overalls and footwear should be stored separately from personal clothing. 5.3. Upon arrival at the station, hand over safety equipment and tools, store the remaining and dismantled materials and fittings.
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