Carrying out walks, hikes, excursions, expeditions. Occupational Safety and Health

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Carrying out walks, hikes, excursions, expeditions. Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Legislative basis for labor protection

К walks, hikes, excursions and expeditions Children of preschool age and students from the 1st grade who have undergone safety instructions, a medical examination and have no contraindications for health reasons are admitted.

When conducting walks, hikes, excursions and expeditions, it is necessary to comply with the rules of behavior, established modes of movement and rest. During walks, hikes, excursions and expeditions, their participants may be exposed to the following: dangerous factors:

changing the established route of movement, unauthorized leaving the location of the group;
abrasions of the legs with the wrong selection of shoes;
injury to the legs when moving without shoes, as well as without trousers or stockings;
bites of poisonous animals, reptiles and insects;
poisoning with poisonous plants, fruits and mushrooms;
infection with gastrointestinal diseases when drinking water from untested open reservoirs.

When conducting walks, hiking trips, excursions and expeditions, a group of students must be accompanied by two adults.

To provide first aid for injuries, it is necessary to have a first aid kit with a set of necessary medications and dressings.

In the event of an accident, the victim or eyewitness to the accident must immediately notify the leader of the walk, hike, excursion or expedition.

Students must follow the established procedure for conducting a walk, hike, excursion or expedition and the rules of personal hygiene. Students who fail to comply or violate safety instructions are held accountable; Unscheduled instruction is provided to all students.

In the educational process, a large place is given to such a form of education as an excursion. Excursions are made to industrial enterprises, construction sites, agricultural production facilities, forests, etc. Excursions are conducted only to places where complete safety is ensured for all excursionists. The location of the excursion, the route, demonstration objects, the day and time of the excursion are agreed upon by representatives of the educational institution with the administration of the excursion object and drawn up in a memo signed by the head of the educational institution, the excursion leader from the educational institution and a representative of the industrial enterprise. The leader of the excursion from the educational institution is the teacher leading the class, and from the enterprise - an occupational safety engineer or other responsible and qualified person.

It is prohibited to conduct excursions to enterprises that use toxic substances, radioactive elements, various X-ray installations and high-frequency installations, which have electroplating shops, as well as to enterprises with increased gas emissions, dust formation, etc.

Excursion leaders are responsible for observing safety rules, industrial sanitation, and protecting the life and health of students. They must constantly monitor students during an excursion to the industrial site. Before each excursion, students should be familiarized with the general characteristics of the object, the route and safety precautions. No more than 25 people should participate in the excursion. Excursionists are prohibited from making any impact on the excursion objects. In the event of an emergency at the excursion site, tourists are taken to a pre-selected safe place. After the end of the excursion and the students leave the site, the leader checks their availability against the list.

Before carrying out a walk, hiking trip, or expedition, appropriate preparation, instruction, and medical examination are carried out; Participants must provide a health certificate. When hiking, wear comfortable clothes and shoes that do not restrict movement and are appropriate for the season and weather. To prevent injuries and bites to your feet, you should wear trousers or stockings.

During a walk, hiking trip, excursion, expedition, all participants must maintain discipline, follow all instructions of the leader and his deputy, not change the independently established route and not leave the group’s location.

The total duration of the walk is 1-4 hours.

Duration of a tourist trip, excursion, expedition should not exceed:

for students in grades 1-2 - 1 day;
3-4 classes - 3 days;
5-6 classes - 18 days;
7-9 classes - 24 days;
10-11 classes - 30 days.

During halts, in order to avoid burns and forest fires, you should not make fires. You must not taste any plants, fruits and mushrooms, or touch poisonous and dangerous animals, reptiles, insects, plants and mushrooms, thorny plants and shrubs with your hands. When moving, do not take off your shoes and walk barefoot. To avoid contracting gastrointestinal diseases, you should not drink water from untested open water bodies. You should use drinking water from a flask, which you must take with you, or boiled water.

If there are open bodies of water in the area of the camping rest area, students will try to swim in them. The largest number of injuries and fatal accidents each year are associated with students swimming in rivers, lakes, ponds, etc.

It is necessary to first inspect reservoirs from the point of view of the safety of swimming in them, determine safe places for swimming, equip them with life-saving equipment, coordinate and obtain permission from the local organization of the Water Rescue Society (OSVOD), and establish strict control over compliance with the rules of safe behavior on the water.

Everyone should know the rules of safe behavior on the water.

Before swimming, you need to rest, you must enter the water quickly in a shallow place, and while swimming you cannot stand motionless. The duration of bathing should not exceed 15 minutes. Prolonged stay in water can lead to severe hypothermia and life-threatening convulsions.

Bathing time is determined according to local conditions, but not earlier than 2 hours after eating.

Swimming at night is prohibited.

The bathing area is limited by signal buoys or flags.

For those who cannot swim, swimming is organized in specially fenced areas with a depth of no more than 1,2 m.

When swimming, it is necessary to select a boat and lifeguards on duty (at least two) from among specially trained or good swimmers. Each boat must be equipped with life-saving equipment: cork belts, rubber rings; There should be a rope stretched along the side of the boat that a person in the water can hold on to.

The organization and direct control of bathing is carried out by the teacher. The person responsible for swimming must be on the shore and check the number of swimmers before entering and exiting the water.

Bathing is prohibited:

in bodies of water not recommended by SES and OSVOD for swimming due to the risk of infectious diseases; without the teacher's permission; in unequipped places; in the absence of a responsible person; at times not provided for in the daily schedule. While swimming it is prohibited:
use life-saving equipment for other purposes; use diving equipment; swim beyond the safety signs of areas designated for swimming; swim up to motor, sailing vessels, rowing boats, barges, etc.;
climb on technical and warning signs, buoys and other objects located in the water;
pollute the water and shore, throw glassware, cans, wash clothes, etc.;
jump into the water from structures that are not adapted for these purposes;
push a comrade from the shore, from the tower into the water.

During a hike or expedition, it is necessary to observe the rules of personal hygiene and promptly inform the leader about deteriorating health, abrasions, calluses or injuries.

Local traditions and customs should be respected, nature, historical and cultural monuments, personal and group property should be taken care of.

If you are injured or bitten by poisonous animals, reptiles, or insects, you must immediately provide first aid to the victim, if necessary, send him to the nearest medical facility and inform the administration of the educational institution about this.

At the end of a walk, hike, excursion, expedition you must:

check the list of students in the group;
check the availability and deposit tourist equipment;
take a shower or wash your face and hands with soap.

Authors: Volkhin S.N., Petrova S.P., Petrov V.P.

We recommend interesting articles Section Occupational Safety and Health:

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