Model aircraft engine. Drawing, description

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Model aircraft engine. Tips for a modeler

Modeling

A great many problems are faced by the modeler, who decided to take up aviation technology driven by electric motors.

One of the most important and primary tasks is the choice of motor. After all, it is he who ultimately sets the requirements for the design of a microaircraft and determines its flight characteristics. And the choice among the available brands of engines is extremely limited. Industrial designs are low-power, heavy, do not allow significant overload required to increase the specific data of the installation.

The most acceptable solution is a radical alteration of a serial microelectric motor from toys. We offer a simple way to turn the widely used DI-1-2 motor into a light and fairly powerful model aircraft engine.

To begin with, we cut off the back of the metal case, leaving a "cup" 15-16 mm high. The "bottom" is facilitated by cutting out two windows. As a result, only a 5-6 mm wide jumper should remain, holding the front armature bearing. The meaning of this operation is not only to remove excess mass. It is more important to ensure good cooling when running a loaded engine, which is achieved with wide cooling air intake windows.

Then, four pins are fixed on the lightweight body by means of soldering for hanging the brush assembly. Two of them (7a) are soldered in the middle of the locations of the permanent magnets, and exactly between them - two more pins (7b). It should be borne in mind that the wires "a" (the material of all is the same - OBC Ø 1,5 mm) have a length of 18 mm and should protrude from the body by 11 mm, and parts "b" 23 mm long - by 14 mm. A tin rear rack is soldered to the ends of the pin "b", carrying a bronze bushing-bearing. Do not forget: you can mount the rack only after installing the finished anchor!

Rice. 1. Modified microelectric motor DI-1-2 (click to enlarge): 1 - propeller shaft, 2 - bearing sleeve, 3 - gearbox support, 4 - gear wheel, 5 - bearing sleeve, 6 - engine housing, 7a- 7b - pins of the brush assembly, 8 - insulating tubes, 9 - armature shaft, 10 - armature, 11 - impeller-heat sink, 12 - collector assembly, 13 - brush holder bushings, 14 - brush holders, 15 - armature bearing, 16 - rear rack , 17 - drive gear, 18 - front armature bearing, 19 - front strut, 20 - textolite rings, 21 - copper-graphite brushes, 22 - collector insulating bushing, 23 - wire fasteners for brushes, 24 - spacer bushings

Model aircraft engine
Rice. 2. Placement of pins on the motor housing

The refinement of the anchor consists in altering the collector assembly. From the standard one, only collector plates are needed, although it is useful to make new ones, from thicker copper (0,6 mm) - thin ones quickly burn out. The plates are mounted with epoxy resin on a textolite sleeve 7 mm long and Ø 3,5 mm with an internal hole Ø 2 mm. With textolite hoops with resin, we finally tie the knot into one. After pressing the collector onto the shaft, the ends of the armature winding and the petals of the impeller-heat sink made of sheet copper with a thickness of about 0,1 mm are soldered to it.

Model aircraft engine
Rice. 3. Collector assembly

Model aircraft engine
Rice. 4. Power plant assembly

Brush holders are made of hard-worked copper plate or hard brass 0,2 mm thick. The width of the workpiece ribbon is from 2,5 to 3 mm. The ends of the brush holders carry short bushings, with the help of which these curved plates are mounted on pins with insulator tubes put on them. Brushes are cut out of larger copper-graphite ones. The fixation of the brushes on the holders by soldering alone is not sufficiently reliable given the high temperature load. To increase the reliability of the connection allows additional binding with wire and soldering of knots. Finished parts are mounted on pins; short pieces of nipple rubber (remote bushings) protect them from longitudinal shift.

For the gearbox, you need to pick up small gears from micromechanisms or unnecessary alarm clocks. The optimal ratio of the number of teeth is 9 to 20 or 9 to 24. The drive gear is tightly mounted on the armature shaft, and the driven gear (gear) together with the soldered shaft is installed in bronze bearing bushings. The front bearing is fixed by soldering on the gearbox support (OVS wire Ø 1,5 mm, soldered on the motor housing), and the rear bearing is fixed on the front motor strut.

After checking the ease of rotation of the elements of the motor unit, we roll the collector assembly at low currents. After that, you can put the propeller and check the operation under load. In the proposed version, the installation with a propeller Ø 144 mm (two-blade) develops a static thrust of more than 70 gf at a supply voltage of 16 V and a current consumption of 2-2,5 A. given power to use it on many aircraft models.

Author: Yu.Zdanovich

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