Bow and arrows. History of invention and production

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HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY, TECHNOLOGY, OBJECTS AROUND US
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Bow and arrows. History of invention and production

The history of technology, technology, objects around us

Directory / The history of technology, technology, objects around us

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Bows and arrows are the most important compound insert tools. Their invention also constituted an epoch in the history of human thought. By the standards of the Stone Age, the bow was a very complex tool, and its creation is akin to a brilliant insight. Indeed, all previous improvements in the tools of labor occurred as a result of everyday human activity and most directly stemmed from it.

Another thing is a bow and arrow. The connection between a straightening branch and a deadly arrow that is swiftly carried away into the distance, generally speaking, is not obvious and does not lie on the surface. The creation of the bow required considerable mental ability, sharp observation and great technical experience.

Bow and arrows
Bow with arrow

The basic elements of the bow were known long before its invention. Man already used the arrow, which was a variant of the extremely lightweight spear used for hunting small game and birds. On the other hand, people constantly observed how energy was accumulated when bending branches or young trees, and released when unbending. (It is assumed that this property was widely used to set up primitive traps.) However, the bow appeared only after the ancient master came up with the idea of \uXNUMXb\uXNUMXbpulling a bent branch with a bowstring - a strong cord twisted from veins or hair.

By means of a bowstring, it became possible to transfer the energy of an unbending branch to the arrow. This has made tremendous progress in the field of hunting. An arrow fired with the help of a bow flew much further than even with the strongest hand throw, and hit the target with exceptional accuracy. It became possible to hunt such animals that were previously completely inaccessible to the primitive hunter. Swift-footed shy deer, birds, and small fur-bearing animals became his prey.

The oldest simple bows were made from a single bent stick, the ends of which were pulled together with a string of animal tendons. At one end of the bow, the bowstring was attached with a knot, at the other end it was put on with a loop.

Compared with a spear thrown by hand, the use of a bow and arrows made it possible to increase the speed and distance of the arrow by several times. In addition, the bow, in comparison with other throwing weapons, had an aiming quality.

The arrow core was made of wood, and the tip of microliths. Such arrows were light and long-range.

Bow and arrows
Reconstruction of the process of creating microliths

Common bow sizes range from 60 cm to 2 m, but there is evidence of larger bows being used. The bow, invented at the beginning of the Mesolithic, quickly found application among different tribes and peoples. The image of a simple bow is found on ancient Assyrian and Egyptian monuments. He was also known to the Romans, Gauls, Germans. The Greeks, Scythians, Sarmatians, Huns and other peoples used a more effective compound bow, glued together from several parts, from different types of wood, horn or bone.

Hunting with a bow and arrows (drawing of a primitive man)

With the invention of the bow, hunting became the main branch of the ancient man's economy for a long time. However, the bow began to be used not only as a throwing weapon. The ability of a stretched string to produce a sound of a certain tone was noticed and used in the manufacture of the first stringed instruments.

Bow and arrows
A hunter with a bow and arrow from the Andaman Islands in the Indian Ocean

Another fundamental discovery was also important, with the help of a bow it was possible to transmit and transform movement. So the bow became part of a primitive drilling device that became widespread and played a very important role in the technology of the Stone Age.

Author: Ryzhov K.V.

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