Where did kefir come from? Detailed answer

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Where did kefir come from? Detailed answer

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Where did kefir come from?

Kefir comes from the Caucasus, and its sourdough has been inherited since ancient times. According to one version, only at the beginning of the 20th century did Russian dairy producers manage to lure out a few peas and start producing their own kefir. The main microflora of kefir fungus is a complex symbiosis of several microorganisms, and so far it has not been possible to repeat it artificially.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

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How were the relics of St. Mark taken out past the Muslim customs?

The relics of Saint Mark were stolen by Venetian merchants from Alexandria in a large basket topped with pork carcasses. Muslims, even during customs inspection, could not touch them.

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A quantum processor woven from light 26.10.2019

An international team of scientists has made a processor for a universal quantum computer, creating a sufficiently large cluster state for the first time in 20 years of research in this area.

Quantum computers promise to solve problems too complex for classical machines, but they need a lot of components to do so, and they all need to be relatively accurate. Modern quantum computers are still too small and often make mistakes. A new design of cluster states, proposed by scientists from Australia, Japan and the USA, provides the necessary scale and, finally, can surpass classical computers.

Cluster states are a set of entangled quantum components that perform quantum computations. To be useful for solving real problems, a cluster state must be both large enough and have the correct entanglement structure. However, in the 20 years since they were proposed, scientists have not been able to achieve both at the same time, explained Nicholas Menicucci of the University of Melbourne. "We were the first to achieve both," he said.

To obtain cluster states, crystals created in a special way convert ordinary laser light and quantum light, the so-called squeezed light. Which is then woven into a cluster state with a network of mirrors, beam splitters, and optical fibers.

This design allows the generation of a huge two-dimensional cluster state with the ability to scale - enough to create a universal quantum computer. Although the level of compression - a measure of quality - is still too low for solving practical problems, the proposed scheme will make it possible to achieve high levels of compression.

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