Who are Whigs? Detailed answer

BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Free library / Directory / Big encyclopedia for children and adults

Who are Whigs? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education

Did you know?

Who are Whigs?

The word "whig" comes from the Scottish word "wiggamore". So called poor peasants who did not want to put up with English rule in Scotland and desperately fought for their independence.

Towards the end of the reign of King Charles II, an anti-royal party formed in the English Parliament, whose representatives, mostly Protestants, received the name of the Whig. Until 1660, when Charles II returned to England and took the throne, members of Parliament acted individually in accordance with their political convictions, without uniting in any organizational groups. Then came the period of the Restoration, and England again became a monarchy, but the king at that time already had significantly less power than before. Special groupings began to form in parliament, which gradually turned into political parties that still exist today.

The end of the XNUMXth century and the beginning of the XNUMXth century were a time of great social change in English society. The Netherlands, which dominated maritime trade with India and the New World, began to lose its superiority over its competitors. This country had to endure a long struggle for survival in the war against France, which was ruled by Louis XIV, the Sun King. This gave English sailors and merchants a chance, and they were not slow to take advantage of it.

In a short period of time, many people managed to amass impressive fortunes, which was almost impossible before, since all the wealth of England was in the hands of a few ancient families that owned the land. Of course, rivalry and hostility arose between these two layers of the wealthy part of English society. This was reflected in the structure of the parliament, which was divided into two parts. A merchant party that sought to protect its business through a peaceful foreign policy and a single, stable currency became known as the Whig Party.

Representatives of noble landowning families, in every possible way demonstrating their loyalty to the king and the Stuart dynasty, more tolerant of Catholics and less inclined to the development of world trade, united in the Tory party.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How did fairs come about?

In ancient times, most people lived on farms or large estates. There were no shops at that time, as small settlements were located too far from each other. In addition, there were not enough goods and people for daily trade. But people always gathered together for religious holidays, and merchants waited for the time when people gathered in large groups to sell their goods to them. This is how fairs appeared in ancient times.

The word "fair" ("fair") comes from the Latin word "feria", which means "holiday" or "holiday". The Egyptians held fairs for buying and selling when they gathered at graves and cemeteries for religious ceremonies. The Greeks held fairs and festivals in honor of their gods at Delphi, where there was a famous oracle. Long before the time of Muhammad, thousands of people made the journey to Mecca, the Arab religious and commercial center. After week-long religious ceremonies and holidays, they traded in precious jewelry, oil and leather. Trading bazaars were an important event in India, and in China, and in Persia, and among the Aztecs of Mexico.

In the Roman Empire, the bazaars were closely associated with the holding of religious festivals in honor of the harvest. The villagers brought agricultural products for these holidays and exchanged them for clothes and other goods they needed. In the old days, only some cities had the right to organize fairs. This right was given to the lord who ruled the city, the king or the first minister. Merchants who wanted to sell their goods in the bazaar had to pay the lord for permission.

Special rules and laws were defined for holding bazaars. Honesty was in the foreground so that people would not be deceived. At an early stage of civilization, warring people, meeting in the bazaar, stopped the war, as they considered the venues of the fairs to be sacred. Fairs played an important role in the development of trade. They made possible trade between the countries of the East and Europe.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

▪ How fast does blood flow in human vessels?

▪ How do boys and girls feel about discussing their problems?

▪ Where do plants that are not capable of photosynthesis get their energy?

See other articles Section Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

Advanced Infrared Microscope 02.05.2024

Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>

Air trap for insects 01.05.2024

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Atlantis in Guatemala 09.08.2002

Wherever they searched for the legendary Atlantis - in the Mediterranean Sea, near the Azores, in the Baltic and even in Antarctica.

Now a German historian, a specialist in the Mayan people, Joachim Ritstig, declares that the lost city was not in the sea, but on Lake Izabal in Guatemala. According to the historian, he found indications of this place on stone steles placed by the Maya in the city of Copan.

Inscriptions report that a city named Atlan was located on Lake Izabal and died in 667 BC. e. At the bottom of the lake, at a depth of 20 meters, ring-shaped structures were found with the help of an echo sounder. As you know, the city described by Plato was built in the form of concentric rings.

Perhaps only these two features - the concentric layout and the name of the city - coincide with Plato's story, recorded from the words of an Egyptian priest. Nevertheless, Ritstieg believes that this is enough for bold conclusions. The city was located on an island in the center of the lake, which was a water-filled crater of an extinct volcano. During a strong earthquake, the walls of the crater collapsed, blocking Atlan and raising the level of the lake, so that the ruins were under water

A project has already been developed to drain part of the lake in order to carry out excavations on a dry bottom.

Other interesting news:

▪ Walking as a cure for depression

▪ Plus 14 years to smoker age

▪ Intercontinental flights of pterosaurs

▪ Growing seafood in laboratories

▪ Samsung Odyssey Ark 4K monitor

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ site section Acoustic systems. Article selection

▪ steam hammer article. History of invention and production

▪ article Why are Japanese suicide pilots called kamikaze? Detailed answer

▪ article Manufacturer of casein. Job description

▪ article How to light a fluorescent lamp. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Anti-theft device. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews