We heat up the air. Fun physical experience at home

ENTERTAINING EXPERIENCES AT HOME
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We heat up the air. Physical experiments

Entertaining experiments in physics

Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children

What happens to air when it is heated? Something you already know about it. The soap bubble flew because the warm air in the bubble was lighter than the air in the room. The cunning snake spun around the stove because the warm air rose up.

How is it that air becomes lighter when heated? Where does his weight go? Let's make an experiment. Take a bottle of white glass, if possible with thin walls. Pick up a tight cork for it. If there is no cork stopper, fresh carrots are fine. Pick up a glass tube, for example, from a set for writing letters, and insert it tightly into the cork hole. Pour some ink-colored water into the bottle. The lower end of the tube must be immersed in water.

We heat the air

Do you recognize this building? Exactly with this we arranged three fountains. Only the fountain will not be here. It's just that when you grab the bottle with your hands, the water will start to rise up the tube.

So, something is pushing the water out of the bottle, since it climbed into the tube! What is it? You probably already figured out that this is air. The warmth of your hands was enough for the air to heat up, expand and displace the water!

Our experience is not very interesting at first glance. In it, nothing spins and spins, does not fly and does not explode, does not bounce and does not beat like a fountain. But the result turned out to be very important: when heated, the air expands. And it expands strongly, even if the warmth of your hands gave a noticeable effect.

And now about the weight. Let's say you had one liter of air. And this air weighed 1,2 g (one whole and two tenths of a gram). That's roughly how much he weighs. And then you heated this air, so much so that it doubled in size and began to occupy not 1 liter, but 2. How much does it weigh now? Yes, the same 1,2 g. After all, the air did not come from anywhere and did not go anywhere. It just expanded, became rarer. This means that the total weight of the heated air has not changed.

What then has changed? The weight of 1 liter has changed. If a liter of cold air weighed 1,2 g, then 2 liters of hot air weighed the same 1,2 g. So, 1 liter now weighs 1,2:2 = 0,6 g! The hot air became, as it were, lighter because it became rarer. In fact, in order for the air to expand twice, it must be heated very strongly, up to about 300 °. In our experiments, it heats up much weaker. But still: even with a slight heating, the air expands somewhat. This means that every liter, even every cubic centimeter of it becomes at least a little lighter. And it will now rise, rise in the colder, denser ambient air. He can turn the turntable. He will be able to lift the light shell of a soap bubble. And if there is a lot of it, the difference in weight will be enough to lift a whole hot air balloon!

Well, what if the air is cooled again? Take your palms away from the bottle, after a while the water in the tube will fall and everything will return to its previous position. This means that when air cools, it takes up less space, it compresses. We have already seen this as well. Compressed air pulled water under the glass in the experiment "Dry out of the water".

Author: Galpershtein L.Ya.

We recommend interesting experiments in physics:

▪ Electrically Charged Frying Pan

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▪ Dyes from plants

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