Bioactive coating for bone implants. Free Technical Library News

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Bioactive coating for bone implants

20.02.2021

Scientists from the University of Macau and Nanjing University, China, in collaboration with the National Dental Center of Singapore, have developed a bioactive coating that can be chemically bonded to the surface of titanium, a metal commonly used in bone implants, to protect bone from inflammation.

Osteoporosis is a disease in which bone tissue becomes less dense and very fragile. In addition to the fact that the pathology affects the condition of the bones, it also impairs the function of titanium bone implants. Because there is less bone at the implant site, implants can easily become loose, often resulting in inflammation.

A bioactive coating made from a chemically modified glycan (chain of sugars) can consistently "turn on" and "off" inflammation on bone implants. In the setting of osteoporosis, it first turns on "good inflammation", instructing human macrophages to release molecules that can activate bone cells and promote healing. When bone cells grow and function to a certain extent, they naturally release an enzyme called alkaline phosphatase to separate the chemically modified glycan from the titanium surface. This "sugar bullet" can kill macrophages after they've done their job.

The main advantage of this coating is to maximize the capacity of the limited number of bone cells around osteoporotic implants.

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Peat batteries 22.10.2021

In Estonia, they learned how to process natural fuel into components of charging cells. The latest technology can solve the problem of the high cost of batteries and take a step towards affordable electric vehicles.

Picturesque Estonia in the north of Europe is almost a quarter covered with swamps. The country is very rich in peat deposits. Scientists from the University of Tartu have learned how to obtain the chemicals needed for electric batteries.

"There is a lot of peat in Estonia. Basically, we do not use it. Although it is suitable as a fertilizer and fuel for heating houses. We pass this peat through a double synthesis and make coal powder from it. Which is suitable for the production of sodium batteries," he said. Professor of Chemistry at the University of Tartu Anne Lust.

"We need cheap means to store huge amounts of electricity. The only way out is batteries. In particular, sodium-ion batteries, which are much cheaper than lithium ones," added Anne Lust.

The global demand for lithium is growing, and by 2025 it will reach 1 million tons per year. Leading automakers have already announced a full or partial transition to the production of electric cars from 2025.

The inventors call on the Estonian authorities to invest in a promising direction and allocate funds for the construction of a plant for the production of peat batteries. However, such batteries still have to be tested and prove their market and production feasibility. Only after that it will be possible to start mass production of available batteries.

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