Stretching the diamond. Free Technical Library News

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Stretching the diamond

27.01.2021

To say that diamond is not the most elastic material in the world is a gross understatement. While the stretch coefficient of the most elastic materials can be hundreds of percent, this value for diamond, the hardest material in the world, does not exceed 0.4 percent. However, a group of scientists from Hong Kong managed to find a way to stretch nano-sized diamonds to such an extent that it radically changes their electronic and optical properties. This, in turn, can serve as the first step into the world of new "diamond" devices and devices.

Researchers from the City University of Hong Kong have found that at the nanoscale, diamond has a higher elasticity than in the normal form of this material. And the first experiments, carried out several years ago, served as experimental confirmation that nanosized diamond "needles" withstood the impact, which caused an elastic deformation of as much as 9 percent.

In recent research, scientists have gone one step further by fabricating diamond blanks that are somewhat shaped like a bridge 1000 nanometers long and 300 nanometers wide. Further, with the help of a special installation, the principle of which is demonstrated in the second of the pictures given here, the diamond "bridge" was subjected to an impact that caused elastic deformation of the diamond. Scientists noted that when the diamond is deformed up to 7,5 percent, the crystal returns completely to its original shape and size after the impact is removed.

Further, the scientists optimized the shape of the diamond objects and obtained an even higher coefficient of allowable deformation of the diamond, which amounted to 9.7 percent and which is already very close to the theoretical limit of elasticity of this material.

Diamond stretching experiments were not carried out by scientists for the sake of idle interest. It has long been known that deformations caused by mechanical influences radically change some properties of various materials. And diamond is no exception to this, deformation changes a number of electronic and optical properties of this material.

Changes in properties upon deformation can make diamond a useful material for some electronic and optical devices. The narrowing of the band gap at a 9% strain, as shown by the simulation results, allows an electron that "jumped" over the transition barrier to save enough energy to emit a photon of light, which can be used to increase the efficiency of some optoelectronic devices.

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