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Time-inverted optical waves

31.12.2020

A team of researchers from the University of Queensland and Nokia Bell Labs have developed a new method to produce time-inverted optical waves. Temporal inversion in physics does not at all mean the possibility of traveling "back to the future". This term describes a special type of wave that can travel back through an object exactly along the path taken by the first non-inverted wave. It's like shooting a wave propagating backwards, and this method can be used in completely new imaging technologies, in communication and other technologies related to the movement of light in various environments.

“Imagine a short light pulse moving from a point source of light to an object consisting of a scattering material, such as fog,” the researchers explain the essence of their achievement, “When the light reaches the fog, it scatters, splitting into many rays that arrive at different points in space at different times.Our technology allows us to very accurately measure all aspects of such scattered light and create its "inverted" version, which, after passing through the fog, "collects" into the original single pulse emitted by the source."

The technology implemented by scientists is quite complex and involves many unique optical components that allow us to consider a light pulse as a 3D object entering the system, track the transformations of the structure of this object and create another 3D object that, having passed through the system in the opposite direction, will acquire the original structure of the first.

"All this must be done within a time frame measured in trillionths of a second. Thus, no mechanical system with moving parts, nor a system that uses electrical signals, can be used in this technology," the researchers write, "Therefore, all" calculations "and the transformations are performed at the hardware optical level, and our method is the first in the history of science that allows such manipulations with a beam of light."

The most precise control of the shape and structure of a light pulse is extremely important for many areas of science and technology, ranging from new imaging technologies, nonlinear microscopy, quantum optics, nanophotonics, plasmonics, to the creation of ultra-high intensity laser light beams. Moreover, with the help of the new device, scientists were able to conduct scientific experiments that were previously only possible in theory.

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