Processor based on two-dimensional semiconductor. Free Technical Library News

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XNUMXD semiconductor processor

11.11.2020

Swiss engineers have developed a computer chip of a fundamentally new type, which implements data storage and processing functions inside a single two-dimensional layer of molybdenum sulfide. This will allow you to create more compact, faster and more energy efficient devices.

Until now, the energy efficiency of computer chips has been limited by the currently used von Neumann architecture, in which data processing and storage are performed in two separate blocks. This means that data must be constantly transferred between two devices, which requires a significant amount of time and energy.

Engineers at the EPFL's Laboratory for Nanoscale Electronics and Structures have developed a revolutionary technology that uses 2D material to create a single architecture that combines logic operations with memory function.

By combining two blocks into a single semiconductor layer, the authors have achieved a significant reduction in energy losses, which is especially important for applications based on artificial intelligence.

The microcircuit is made of molybdenum sulfide MoS2, a two-dimensional material consisting of a layer only three atoms thick. EPFL engineers studied the specific properties of MoS2 a few years ago and found it to be an excellent semiconductor for electronic applications.

Scientists have created on its basis a chip on field-effect transistors with a floating gate. Commonly used in the flash memory systems of cameras, smartphones and computers, these transistors have the advantage of being able to hold electrical charges for long periods of time.

Molybdenum sulfide's unique electrical properties make it especially sensitive to charges stored in field-effect transistors, allowing EPFL engineers to create circuits that function both as memory devices and as programmable transistors.

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