A Bose-Einstein condensate powers a phonon laser. Free Technical Library News

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Bose-Einstein condensate drives a phonon laser

18.09.2020

Although the concepts of optical (photon) and sonic (phonon) lasers were predicted at almost the same time, the former is ubiquitous, but implementations of the latter have not yet reached technological maturity.

A joint team of researchers from the Instituto Balseiro and Centro Atomico in Bariloche (Argentina) and the Paul Drude Institute in Berlin (Germany) has presented a new approach to the efficient generation of coherent mechanical vibrations based on the Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) of coupled light-matter particles (polaritons) .

A polariton BEC is created in a trap - a semiconductor microcavity consisting of electronic centers sandwiched between distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) designed to reflect light of the same energy as emitted by the centers.

When excited by light of a different energy (for which the trap is transparent) the electronic states of the centers emit light particles, they are reflected back and reabsorbed by the centers. A fast and repeating sequence of emission and reabsorption leads to the mixing of electronic and photon states and to the creation of a hybrid quasi-particle - a polariton. The spatial localization of a large number of polaritons in the trap triggers the process of their self-organization with the formation of a polariton laser.

The mirror microcavity of AlGaAs acts as a trap not only for near-IR photons, but also for mechanical vibration quanta (phonons). An increase in the phonon population enhances their interaction with the polariton BEC and leads to coherent acoustic emission towards the substrate at a frequency of 20 GHz.

An intense and monochromatic light emitter, the polariton BEC, which stimulates the operation of a phonon laser, can be excited not only optically, but also electronically, like VSCEL lasers. A corresponding change in the design of the microcavity can make it possible to increase the frequency of the phonon laser.

Potential applications of the phonon laser can be the coherent control of light beams, quantum emitters, gateways of communication devices and quantum informatics, as well as the conversion of light into microwave radiation and back in a very wide frequency range (20-300 GHz), which is relevant for future network technologies.

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