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Printed lasers

01.12.2003

Specialists from the Technological University in Graz (Austria) learned how to print lasers.

The laser is printed with a stamp, which is etched with a structure of ultramicroscopic grooves and ridges at intervals of 400 nanometers. A special electrically conductive polymer dissolved in a rapidly evaporating solvent is dropped onto this matrix. When the solvent dries, an orange film of polymer with laser structures remains on the matrix.

When an electrical voltage is applied to the ends of the strip, a laser beam shoots out of it, powerful enough, for example, for use in a CD or DVD player or in a fiber communication system.

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Overweight gene found 18.02.2019

A University of Cambridge research team led by Professor Ines Baroso analyzed the genomes of more than 150 people and sequenced six gene variants that are associated with an increase in body mass index (BMI) - a standard medical indicator that is calculated by the ratio of weight and height.

The revolutionary nature of the discovery of Ines Baroso is that for her research she gathered the largest group of subjects, moreover, it included not only overweight people (as was the case in earlier works on the same topic), but also those who had never didn't experience this problem. It turned out that these genes in a certain chain of relationships are found in 79% of full subjects, and only in 20% of slender ones.

What we already guessed turned out to be a reality: while one person gets fat just from looking at donuts, another can gobble up them for days on end and not add a single gram. But do not rush to ritually burn your gym membership and stand under the banner of radical body positivity.

It is not that simple. Of course, the program laid down in us cannot be changed. But still, 20% of thin people who carry the “fullness genes” have become an exception and have not taken the path of gaining extra pounds. Scientists carefully examined the parameters of the life of these "lucky ones" and it turned out that the secret is simple: they led a healthy lifestyle, sweated in the gym, jogged and set themselves reasonable food restrictions. By the way, among them there was not a single anorexic or a person with other eating disorders. That is, genetics in this case is not a fate at all, but only a sentence for people who are inclined to be overweight to work on themselves many times more than born slim girls.

But what about 21% of the subjects who, according to the idea of nature, did not have a tendency to be overweight and nevertheless entered the club of fat people? There is nothing mystical here either. Geneticists emphasize that the tendency to "alimentary" (food) obesity can be not only genetic, but also acquired: the brain can trigger a command to accumulate extra pounds as an SOS command, in response to severe stress, serious illness, hormonal breakdown. By the way, "obesity genes" interact with the same areas of the brain that can independently trigger the mechanism of weight gain.

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