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Diesel smoke harms the heart and blood vessels

05.02.2020

Dirty air is harmful to health - this is evidenced by medical statistics: those who breathe air with a large amount of industrial and automobile pollution are more likely to suffer from various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.

Researchers from the National University of Kapodistrias of Athens equipped a special room in which it was possible to control the composition of the air, and filled it with air with combustion products of diesel fuel - in the amount that can be found in the center of a densely populated city (burned diesel accounts for about 50% of all pollution urban air). For comparison, the same room was filled with clean air. The participants in the experiment, forty people without any cardiovascular problems, were divided into two parts: one two hours they breathed smoky air, the other - clean air. A month later, both of them returned to the laboratory, but now they changed roles: those who used to breathe clean air now breathed diesel exhaust, and vice versa.

The state of the heart and blood vessels was assessed by a number of parameters: the activity of protein C was measured, which works as an anticoagulant in the blood, reducing the likelihood of blood clots; the activity of C-reactive protein, one of the main markers of inflammation, was measured; blood vessels were measured to what extent they can expand under the influence of increasing blood flow, how elastic or rigid their wall is, etc. It turned out that even two hours in a diesel atmosphere is enough for cardiovascular parameters to change, and not for the better side.

In those who breathed dirty air, the activity of the inflammatory protein increased (smoking participants in the experiment had more of it than non-smokers). The activity of the fibrinogen protein, which is necessary for blood clotting, also increased; at the same time, the activity of the anticoagulant protein decreased - from which we can conclude that the likelihood of blood clots increased in the vessels. Deviations in the heart rhythm appeared, and the walls of the vessels became less flexible - which, in turn, should affect the blood supply to the organs and the work of the heart. What is especially important, all these changes lasted for a day, although people breathed dirty air for only two hours. But many of us spend in the city center not two hours or three, but more.

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