The new material traps carbon dioxide molecules. Free Technical Library News

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New material catches carbon dioxide molecules

20.10.2019

Researchers from the University of Kyoto, the University of Tokyo (Japan) and Jiangsu University (China) have developed a new material that can selectively capture carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules and efficiently convert them into useful organic materials.

The new material is a porous coordination polymer (PCP, also known as MOF, metal-organic framework) - a framework composed of zinc metal ions. The researchers tested their material using X-ray diffraction analysis and found that it could selectively capture only CO2 molecules with ten times the efficiency of other PCPs.

Human consumption of fossil fuels has led to an increase in global CO2 emissions, leading to serious problems associated with global warming and climate change. One way to counter this is to "remove" carbon from the atmosphere, but current methods of doing so are very energy intensive. The low reactivity of carbon dioxide makes it difficult to capture and convert.

How does the new material capture carbon dioxide molecules? It has an organic component with a propeller-like molecular structure: as CO2 molecules approach the material, these "propellers" rotate and rearrange to allow the capture of CO2, resulting in small changes in the molecular channels in the PCP. The material acts like a molecular sieve, able to recognize carbon dioxide molecules by size and shape. An important advantage of PCP is that it can be recycled and reused. During the experiments, the efficiency did not decrease even after ten reaction cycles.

And captured carbon dioxide molecules can also be used to advantage: carbon dioxide can be processed into valuable chemicals, such as cyclic carbonates, that can be used in petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals.

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