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space fire extinguisher

25.04.2019

The Mechanical Engineering Department of Toyohashi University of Technology (Japan) has developed a fire extinguisher with a reverse method of extinguishing open fire (Vacuum Fire Extinguishing Method (VEM) for use inside a spacecraft. Instead of spraying fire extinguishing agents, it sucks the flame and combustible materials into a vacuum chamber, where they will be safely extinguished.

Fire is one of the most dangerous emergencies that can occur aboard a manned spacecraft, a submarine, or any other enclosed environment. It is very difficult to deal with it, not only because of the heat and smoke generated, but also because in a confined space, fire extinguishing agents can be dangerous. For this reason, crew members aboard submarines and the International Space Station must wear oxygen masks before proceeding to put out fires. And in a weightless environment, even water can be dangerous.

The problem of fire extinguishing in such conditions is solved by the VEM fire extinguisher, created in cooperation with the universities of Hokkaido and Xinshu. It not only reduces the risk to the lives of crew members, but also eliminates the need to use an oxygen mask. The principle of its operation is that the fire extinguisher draws the fire into a vacuum chamber, where it will go out due to lack of air, or through the use of fire extinguishing agents without polluting the environment.

The project leader stated that a test sample of the fire extinguisher had already been created and its use was strictly controlled. However, no space agency is yet interested in this development. However, the VEM fire extinguisher has many other uses, including extinguishing fires in operating rooms or clean rooms, where the process can cause significant damage.

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