Sound waves are a carrier of mass. Free Technical Library News

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Sound waves are the carrier of mass

17.03.2019

Scientists from Columbia and Pennsylvania Universities have been researching issues related to the behavior and dispersion of sound waves propagating in a superfluid liquid, liquid helium. The first of their experiments showed that sound has a non-zero mass value and, due to this, its movement falls under the influence of the global gravitational field, the force of gravity in this case.

The level of effects discovered by scientists is so small that its manifestations cannot be felt on Earth in any way, they can manifest themselves in very extreme conditions, when the generated stellar "roar" moves in the environment of extremely dense objects, such as neutron stars. And then the effects of the interaction of powerful sound waves with the strongest gravity of space objects can significantly affect the processes occurring in this region of space.

While scientists have confirmed the possibility of sound waves having mass under extreme conditions, they are now preparing a series of experiments that should confirm that phonons, sound particles, have mass under normal conditions. All this contradicts the existing theory, according to which phonons have no mass and gravitational fields do not affect their motion in any way.

The key to solving the problem described above will be the study of phonon propagation in a medium with given parameters. In an ideal medium, the motion of phonons and the transfer of momentum of motion can be described as one of the forms of linear dispersion, which, according to theoretical calculations, gives the phonons a non-zero mass. But in the reality that scientists have to face, everything is much worse, real particles and liquids are far from ideal, they obey a host of other physical laws, interact and have a mutual influence on other nearby objects.

The mass that scientists are going to find in the phonon is very small. It is in the same range as the amount of energy of a photon of light divided by the square of the speed of light, in other words, this mass is very, very small. Unfortunately, far from all the theoretical calculations and confirmations put forward by scientists have been tested in practice, for this it will be necessary to measure gravitational changes at the level of individual atoms cooled to a temperature close to absolute zero. This will become possible in the near future, only recently have scientists been able to experiment with Bose-Einstein condensates in space.

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