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Ocean heat waves threaten marine life

11.03.2019

When heat hits the land, the oceans also experience peak temperatures, which translate into heatwaves. Because of global warming, they are happening much more frequently now than they did in the last century, and are hurting marine life, according to a new study by an international team of scientists.

The study looked at the impact of marine heat waves on the diversity of life in the ocean. Researchers have found that these heatwaves are disrupting the structure of many ocean ecosystems, from coral reefs to kelp to seafloor creatures.

Marine heatwaves occur when sea temperatures are significantly above normal for at least five consecutive days. Scientists have calculated that the oceans have been absorbing more than 90 percent of the heat from excess greenhouse gases since the middle of the century. Humans add these gases to the atmosphere mainly by burning fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas.

This excess heat increases not only basic ocean temperatures, but also the frequency and duration of marine heatwaves, which are detrimental to all organisms living in the water.

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Salt heating 08.12.2001

Located in the suburbs of Frankfurt am Main (Germany), a large plant of the chemical company "Hoechst" produces medicines, chamfers, plastics, food additives. It also generates a lot of waste heat.

Until recently, heated air was simply thrown into the atmosphere, hot water was cooled (which used a lot of energy) and dumped into the Main. Now excess heat is transported to the city in thermoses and used to heat the administrative building with an area of 17 square meters, which employs about 600 people.

Thermally insulated containers contain sodium acetate - a salt that melts at 58 degrees Celsius and accumulates a large amount of heat in the process. Cooling down, the salt melt heats the water in the heating system of the building. Depending on the weather, five or six containers are delivered per day, one is enough for the night. Cooled thermoses are taken back to the plant and again "charged" with heat. 400 thousand liters of liquid fuel are saved per year.

And the University of Nottingham (England) proposed a cooling system based on the same principle. The heat from the heated air is pumped into containers with solid sodium sulfate, it melts, and the temperature in the rooms drops by 2 - 3 degrees. For a relatively cool English summer, this is enough. Energy saving compared to a conventional air conditioner - 16 times.

In different countries, pocket heating pads and refrigerated salt packs have long been produced, charged with cold or heat in hot water or a refrigerator.

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