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Learning ability can be seen in the eyes

08.03.2019

How can you know if the interlocutor understood you? You need to follow his behavior, look at how he reacts to certain stimuli. It is this observation that is the main tool of scientists who study a person's ability to learn and perceive new information. But the authors of a recent study in Italy took a different approach. Studying a person's ability to learn, they did not prioritize his external reactions.

The researchers focused on people's visual-motor behavior - in other words, the movement of their eyes - in anticipation of receiving new information. Thus, they learned to read in the eyes - whether their interlocutor understood or not.

Scientists proceeded from the fact that the influence of previously accumulated knowledge on a person's response to external stimuli is formed under the influence of many factors. These include, for example, sensitivity and the way of deciphering sensory information, the way of making complex decisions. After studying all these factors in interaction with each other, scientists from the Center for Neuroscience Research at the University of Taranto tried to establish behavioral responses that indicate a person’s understanding of what will happen in the following minutes.

The leader of the study, Professor Uri Hasson, shared details of how it went. A group of subjects were seated in front of computers and asked to look at the center of a monitor while figures appeared and disappeared in other parts of the screen. "This happened with a certain frequency, - said Professor Hasson. - And we watched what happens with the eyes of the subjects before the appearance of a particular figure." With the help of sensitive equipment, scientists were able to record the smallest involuntary eye movements that occurred in the rhythm of changing the picture on the screen. Each time before the appearance of a new figure, the eyeball of the subjects moved less than 5 mm. This minimal movement became clearer as the person learned the rhythm of the changing figures on the monitor. It indicates that the brain is preparing in advance for the upcoming event.

Analysis of the obtained data allows obtaining information about a person's ability to learn. The researchers also claim that the method they have applied makes it possible to separately consider the state of mind of a person at the moment preceding the "usual" reaction to the appearance of an external stimulus - verbal or, for example, pressing a button. According to Professor Hason, we are talking only about the first results that need further study. But, according to him, in the future, scientists will be able to determine a person's ability to perceive new information by looking at his eyes. The involuntary eye movements recorded by the researchers are the result of subconscious processes, which makes it possible to reliably judge the forthcoming reaction of the subjects to external stimuli.

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