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Super exotic e-liquid

14.02.2019

By bombarding an ultra-thin "sandwich" of semiconductor materials with powerful but short pulses of laser light, physicists from the University of California have created a drop of quantum "electronic fluid" with a number of unique properties. But the most remarkable thing about this case is that a sample of this e-liquid was obtained for the first time at room temperature. This achievement opens up a new path to the development of high-performance devices using electromagnetic radiation in the terahertz range, which lies between infrared light and microwave radiation. Moreover, the electron liquid can be used in fundamental physical research carried out at an infinitesimal scale level, and this, in turn, will allow the creation of so-called quantum metamaterials, the structure of which is ordered to the level of single atoms.

In their experiment, physicists used the thinnest layer of molybdenum ditelluride (a semiconductor material) sandwiched between two layers of graphene. The thickness of this "sandwich" was very small and did not exceed the thickness of the DNA chain molecule. During the experiment, laser light pulses were applied to the surface of the material, the duration of which was calculated in quadrillion fractions of a second.

In conventional semiconductor materials, such exposure to laser light leads to the appearance of free electrons and positively charged electron holes moving in the volume of the material, which can conventionally be considered as a gaseous medium. At the beginning of the experiment, everything happened in exactly the same way, according to the canons of classical physics. But, after increasing the energy contained in the laser light pulse above a certain threshold, scientists noticed the formation of an exotic object in the material, which can be described by the not very clear term "anomalous photocurrent ring" (anomalous photocurrent ring).

The unique optoelectronic properties of e-liquid droplets, according to scientists, will make it possible to use it to create the latest optical and electronic devices with outstanding characteristics and the highest efficiency. “Currently, we know very little about the properties of such e-liquids, which were previously obtained only at temperatures below the temperature in open space,” the scientists write, “During further research, we will study the properties of these liquid exotics and determine their characteristics, such as surface tension forces.

In addition to studying the e-liquid itself, scientists plan to use it to investigate some of the fundamental physical phenomena. For example, cooling a drop of electron fluid to ultra-low temperatures can transform it into a quantum electron fluid with physical properties so exotic that it can be considered as a completely new state of matter.

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