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Plants have an analogue of the nervous system

24.09.2018

American and Japanese scientists have found that plants can transmit SOS signals to each other.

Biologists have been experimenting on a plant called rezukhovidka. When its leaves were cut off, they noticed that the plant changes the level of calcium, transmitting a signal of danger to its green comrades.

Neurotransmitters are involved in this process - substances with the help of which this impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another. Experts plan to learn how to control plant signals.

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Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

New method for creating powerful batteries 08.05.2024

With the development of technology and the expanding use of electronics, the issue of creating efficient and safe energy sources is becoming increasingly urgent. Researchers at the University of Queensland have unveiled a new approach to creating high-power zinc-based batteries that could change the landscape of the energy industry. One of the main problems with traditional water-based rechargeable batteries was their low voltage, which limited their use in modern devices. But thanks to a new method developed by scientists, this drawback has been successfully overcome. As part of their research, scientists turned to a special organic compound - catechol. It turned out to be an important component that can improve battery stability and increase its efficiency. This approach has led to a significant increase in the voltage of zinc-ion batteries, making them more competitive. According to scientists, such batteries have several advantages. They have b ... >>

Alcohol content of warm beer 07.05.2024

Beer, as one of the most common alcoholic drinks, has its own unique taste, which can change depending on the temperature of consumption. A new study by an international team of scientists has found that beer temperature has a significant impact on the perception of alcoholic taste. The study, led by materials scientist Lei Jiang, found that at different temperatures, ethanol and water molecules form different types of clusters, which affects the perception of alcoholic taste. At low temperatures, more pyramid-like clusters form, which reduces the pungency of the "ethanol" taste and makes the drink taste less alcoholic. On the contrary, as the temperature increases, the clusters become more chain-like, resulting in a more pronounced alcoholic taste. This explains why the taste of some alcoholic drinks, such as baijiu, can change depending on temperature. The data obtained opens up new prospects for beverage manufacturers, ... >>

Major risk factor for gambling addiction 07.05.2024

Computer games are becoming an increasingly popular form of entertainment among teenagers, but the associated risk of gaming addiction remains a significant problem. American scientists conducted a study to determine the main factors contributing to this addiction and offer recommendations for its prevention. Over the course of six years, 385 teenagers were followed to find out what factors may predispose them to gambling addiction. The results showed that 90% of study participants were not at risk of addiction, while 10% became gambling addicts. It turned out that the key factor in the onset of gambling addiction is a low level of prosocial behavior. Teenagers with a low level of prosocial behavior do not show interest in the help and support of others, which can lead to a loss of contact with the real world and a deepening dependence on virtual reality offered by computer games. Based on these results, scientists ... >>

Traffic noise delays the growth of chicks 06.05.2024

The sounds that surround us in modern cities are becoming increasingly piercing. However, few people think about how this noise affects the animal world, especially such delicate creatures as chicks that have not yet hatched from their eggs. Recent research is shedding light on this issue, indicating serious consequences for their development and survival. Scientists have found that exposure of zebra diamondback chicks to traffic noise can cause serious disruption to their development. Experiments have shown that noise pollution can significantly delay their hatching, and those chicks that do emerge face a number of health-promoting problems. The researchers also found that the negative effects of noise pollution extend into the adult birds. Reduced chances of reproduction and decreased fertility indicate the long-term effects that traffic noise has on wildlife. The study results highlight the need ... >>

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Photonic chip converting waves with high efficiency 27.04.2021

American scientists have created a photonic chip capable of effectively changing the frequency of the incoming signal and amplifying it at the output using nonlinear optical effects.

Coherent frequency conversion has many applications in the field of classical and quantum information transmission, visualization and detection. This process is crucial for the connection between classical and quantum devices - as a result of it, the frequency of the signal changes, but the initial phase and envelope of the wave remain the same.

The authors of the new study have created photonic chips that can efficiently convert incoming frequencies using non-linear optical effects. Photonic devices were chosen for a reason - they consume low power, scale well and have a small size. In addition, optical effects that are not available for other platforms are possible in such chips.

Physicists have presented a new circuit for highly efficient frequency conversion on a photonic chip. When generating the sum frequency - a non-linear optical process that can convert the frequency of the incoming signal - the device uses only the phase matching condition for the two modes. This significantly increases the speed and reduces the complexity of the process.

Experiments have shown that the highest efficiency was observed for converting a signal with a frequency of 1560 nanometers into a wave with a frequency of 780 nanometers. The efficiency rate was 42% - higher than for many modern devices. By creating cascade optical effects in the chip, the authors were able to increase this value to almost 100%.

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