AI has been taught to distinguish between the eyes of the living and the dead. Free Technical Library News

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AI was taught to distinguish between the eyes of the living and the dead

28.07.2018

Researchers at the Warsaw University of Technology have developed a machine learning algorithm capable of distinguishing between the irises of living and dead people with 99% accuracy.

Scientists trained artificial intelligence using a database of irises of people who died at different times, as well as samples of the irises of hundreds of living people.

The researchers then made the system interact with eye images that the algorithm had not been trained on.

The eyes of dead people are usually held by retractors, so the university staff had to cut out everything except the irises themselves from the sample images so as not to mislead the algorithm. The Polish researchers had to photograph living irises with the same camera used to shoot the eyes of corpses so that technical differences would not spoil the result.

There is a catch in this approach: the algorithm is only able to detect a dead eye if its owner has died 16 or more hours ago - the difference is insignificant in the first few hours. Theoretically, an attacker could kill someone, open the victim's eye and unlock their smartphone. However, thanks to the system, the killer would at least have to hurry.

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A new organ found in the human body 07.04.2018

A group of American scientists led by Professor Neil Theise of New York University discovered a new organ in the human body, the detection of which has so far been hampered by the limitations of the standard technique.

The new organ is a branched system of interconnected cavities in the connective tissue that permeates the entire body. The walls of these cavities are made up of cells that look like fibroblasts and contain fibers of strong collagen and elastin proteins. The cavities themselves are filled with fluid and open into the lymph nodes.

The cavities included in this system are found under the skin, as well as in the "lining" of many muscular organs: the gastrointestinal tract, bladder, lungs, and blood vessels. Scientists believe that the newly discovered organ acts as a "shock absorber", protecting muscle tissue from damage during contraction and relaxation.

However, its role in the work of our body, apparently, does not end there. It seems that these cavities are also involved in the formation of edema and fibrosis; in addition, metastases of cancerous tumors and the substances that feed them spread through them. For the first time, scientists saw them when examining the bile ducts of a cancer patient.

The new organ was called "interstitium" (interstitium).

Why was this discovery not made earlier? The fact is that the standard method of histological examination (i.e., the study of body tissues) is based on fixing them with special chemicals and dividing them into thin sections, which are examined under a microscope. At the same time, the liquid flows out of the cavities and they become invisible.

However, Teise and colleagues used a different approach: they injected a fluorescent dye into the patient's living tissues, illuminated them with a laser, and inserted an endoscope into the patient's body. As a result, the interstitium was examined in detail.

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