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Arctic drone

08.03.2017

In the United States, tests of a special Arctic drone ArcticShark, created for climate studies in the North Pole region, have started. Testing is being carried out by the developers of the drone - Navmar Applied Sciences and the US Department of Energy.

The mass of the drone is 283 kg, and the wingspan is 6,7 meters. It is capable of operating at altitudes up to 4,5 km and speeds up to 121 km/h. To perform climatic measurements, it is equipped with 12 different devices and sensors. With their help, ArcticShark is able to determine the strength and direction of the wind, temperature, humidity and background radiation.

Without exception, all components of the drone are prepared for operating conditions at low temperatures and high winds. It is assumed that the verification and certification procedures with ArcticShark will be completed before the end of this year. Then, in 2018, scientists will begin to collect information about the environmental situation in the Arctic.

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Embroidery of electrons by ion 26.03.2010

The process of autoionization became known not yesterday. Its essence is that if an electron is knocked out of a molecule using X-rays, then after a few femtoseconds another electron will be released.

Clarity in the details of this process was made by German physicists from the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics and the Fritz Haber Institute. They irradiated small pieces of ice with soft x-rays from a synchrotron source and received electron pairs.

It turned out that the second electron does not fly out from the same water molecule that was excited by the absorption of an X-ray photon. Having emitted the first electron, it removes the remaining excitation in a very specific way - passing it on to another molecule, and that one loses its electron. The transfer of excitation occurs in a non-contact way. This phenomenon is called "intermolecular Coulomb decay".

“The appearance of a cascade of slow electrons during irradiation makes it possible to better understand why high-energy rays are detrimental to living beings. After all, as it was established several years ago, once in an organic molecule, such an electron is able to cut it like scissors,” says Uwe Hergenhan, a participant in the work.

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