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Battery on gastric juice

11.02.2017

The device, developed by Giovanni Traverso and his colleagues, is a tiny microphone in a silicone capsule that listens to a person from the inside and transmits the heard sounds wirelessly to an electronic processing device from the outside. Such a sensor can indeed report some problems in the body, as soon as they begin and before they turn into something clinically serious. The service life of the capsule is one or two days, and the signal transmission distance does not exceed 3m yet, but one day of continuous observation is already good, and the transmission distance does not seem to be such a big problem if, say, an ordinary smartphone can receive the signal, who then himself will pass it on even further.

However, the operating time of such devices can be extended if they are provided with some more "long-lasting" energy source. A conventional battery, from which the sensor operates, is discharged relatively quickly, and, moreover, is potentially unsafe. However, researchers have found a way to replace it. They used the same idea that underlies the "lemon battery": it is known that if two electrodes are inserted into a lemon, then due to citric acid, an electric current will appear between them. The stomach is quite acidic, so why not use it as a source of nutrition? Zinc and copper electrodes were attached to the microelectronic capsule - and the current started: the electrons from the zinc went into an acidic environment and closed the galvanic circuit.

The method was tested on a "swallowed thermometer": a capsule with a thermosensor was fed to a pig, and then a signal from the transmitter was recorded, which came at a frequency of 900 MHz. While the "thermometer" was in the stomach, where there is a lot of acid, the signal came every 12 seconds and spread over a distance of two meters. When the capsule traveled naturally from the stomach to the small intestine, where the acidity is no longer as high, the device's power dropped to 1/100 of what was in the stomach, but this was still enough to measure the temperature inside and transmit information to the outside, albeit not so often.

So far, the dimensions of such a sensor capable of working "from the stomach" are quite large - 40 mm in length and 12 mm in diameter - however, the authors of the work have no doubt that they will be able to make it even smaller, while providing it with additional sensor systems.

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