Hydrogen was converted into metal. Free Technical Library News

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Hydrogen converted to metal

31.01.2017

Scientists from Harvard University (USA) for the first time managed to carry out the Wigner-Huntington phase transition, which indicates the formation of metallic hydrogen.

Back in 1935, scientists from Princeton University (USA) Eugene Wigner and Bell Huntington substantiated the theoretical existence of high-temperature superconductivity of hydrogen. Physicists argued that at a pressure of 25 gigapascals and room temperature, hydrogen should be in a metallic state and be a superconductor. After 80 years, this theory has finally been put into practice!

The co-author of the discovery, Professor Isaac Silvera, said that this is the real "holy grail in high pressure physics and the first sample of metallic hydrogen on Earth." To convert hydrogen into metal, the scientists placed it between two diamonds, cooled it to 5,5 kelvins, and applied a gigantic pressure of 495 gigapascals. With the help of measurements, the researchers were convinced that they had obtained metallic hydrogen.

Spectroscopic analysis showed that hydrogen is in the atomic state, that is, it is in the solid, not the liquid phase. The transition of hydrogen to the metallic state is interesting because it is able to conduct electric current without resistance even at room temperature. Metallic hydrogen could also be used as rocket fuel, which would allow much heavier payloads to be launched into Earth's orbit.

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