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Sports retirees are less likely to die from heart attacks

08.09.2016

Even moderate physical activity in people over 65 years of age is associated with a more than two-fold reduction in the chance of dying from a cardiovascular disease (CVD), scientists from Finland said.

The role of physical activity in preventing CVD in pre-retirement adults is well established. But less is known about the impact of regular physical activity on the risk of CVD in older patients.

In the work of scientists studied the relationship between outdoor activities, CVD and mortality in people aged 65-74 years. The FINRISK study ran from 1997 to 2007 and included 2456 men and women. The scientists continued to follow the participants until the end of 2013.

The authors of the study collected data based on a self-questionnaire of study participants, who recorded information about physical activity and other active forms of recreation, clinical parameters (pressure, weight and height) and laboratory parameters such as cholesterol levels. Deaths were taken from the National Register of Causes of Death, and causes of death from CVD and heart attacks were determined from the National Register of Hospital Discharges.

Physical activity from the reports of study participants, scientists divided into three types:

- low: reading, watching TV or housework without physical activity;
- medium: walking, cycling or fishing, gardening, hunting - at least four hours a week;
- high: recreation and sports such as running, jogging, skating, gymnastics, swimming, ball games, intensive gardening or intensive training, sports competitions - at least three hours a week.

On average, over a follow-up period of 11,8 years, 197 participants died of heart disease and 416 had any incident related to CVD.

The scientists then set out to find a link between physical activity and observational results. To do this, they included other heart risk factors - blood pressure, smoking and cholesterol - and social factors (marital status and education). To minimize reverse causality - i.e. when deterioration in health led to a decrease in physical activity, patients with coronary heart disease, heart failure, or stroke that occurred before the start of the study were excluded from the analysis.

It turned out that moderate and vigorous physical activity is associated with a reduction in the risk of acute cardiovascular events by 31% and 45%, respectively. At the same time, mortality was lower by 54% and 66%.

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