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Hand dryers spread bacteria

05.05.2016

Everyone knows that regular hand washing is essential to protect yourself from a host of bacteria and viruses. And scientists from the University of Westminster (UK) decided to check how important it is to dry them properly after that.

Researchers have found that modern jet hand dryers are actually no better than "old-fashioned" hand dryers or paper napkins. The fact is that these devices, capable of quickly drying hands, at the same time carry bacteria with an air stream at a speed of 690 km / h at a distance of up to three meters. Studies have shown that jet dryers spread about 20 times more viruses than slower older models blowing warm air. And compared to paper towels, jet dryers spread 1300 times more viruses and bacteria!

During the experiment, scientists tested 3 methods of drying hands: paper towels, conventional hand dryers, and faster jet dryers. It turned out that jet dryers can spread viruses with a powerful stream of air at a distance of up to three meters, conventional warm air dryers - only 75 centimeters, and hand wipes - only 25 centimeters. However, experts from Dyson, which produces the Airblade jet dryer, disagreed with the test results.

First of all, they did not like the experimental methodology, according to which the British "soiled" their hands in a solution with viruses, and then dried them using one of three methods. Dyson believes the study was lobbied by paper towel manufacturers and conducted in artificial environments with unnaturally high levels of viral contamination, and people routinely wash their hands with soap and water before using the dryer.

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The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

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Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

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Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

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Alcohol content of warm beer 07.05.2024

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Random news from the Archive

Biologists have grown a fly with dinosaur genes 14.10.2018

Scientists using genetic engineering have received a line of fruit flies in the genome of which there are no mutations that arose about 140 million years ago. These modifications significantly affected the development of the animal body, and by abolishing them, the authors were able to understand what ancient mutations caused important evolutionary changes in the embryonic development of organisms.

Scientists have long tried to understand how mutations in genes change the embryonic development of organisms, thanks to which life forms on Earth have become so diverse. However, it is extremely difficult to pinpoint key mutations, since they originated in the distant past, in long-extinct animals, and their traces in the genome have since been hidden by subsequent mutations.

"By introducing individual mutations that occurred in the deep past in ancient genes, we were able to show exactly how each of them influenced the development of organisms millions of years ago," says lead author Steven Small from New York University (USA). that the main cause of fundamental changes in the development of the animal, which became indispensable for all their descendants, were just two random mutations.

As part of this work, biologists studied the Bicoid gene, which controls the formation of the head in the embryo of flies. Organisms with a non-working gene variant die early, as their abdomen begins to form at both ends of the body. However, Bicoid is not found in other insects or more distant relatives of the fly, showing how even fundamental aspects of development can change drastically during evolution.

Scientists removed the Bicoid gene from modern flies and inserted a reconstructed ancestor into them. Such animals also began to die quickly. Then the biologists started adding mutations one at a time that happened in this gene millions of years ago. Most of them had little or no effect, but two worked together to turn the gene on, resulting in a distorted but recognizable head in the right place in the embryos.

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