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Antenna using sea water fountain

20.02.2016

Every day, without realizing it, we use radio waves that are so short (but relatively strong) that they allow us to use tiny antennas in various electronic devices. However, as the radio waves get longer and the signal gets weaker, the antennas should get bigger accordingly.

In China, for example, the FAST radio telescope is currently under construction, which will be the largest in the world and will cover an area equal to 30 football fields. And in less exotic structures, huge fixed antennas are required, the construction of which takes a lot of time and money. Therefore, researchers are considering using alternative materials that could make very large antennas portable.

Salt water is one such material. Five years ago, US Navy researchers patented an antenna that used the magnetic induction of sodium chloride in sea water to transmit and receive signals, and the frequency of the signal was determined by the height of the water fountain. The US Navy has tried to find commercial applications for the technology, but so far nothing has come of it, since the jet apparatus has to be kept above the water so that there is no short circuit.

Now Japan's Mitsubishi has announced its version of a waterborne antenna called the SeaAerial, which the company says is capable of receiving digital broadcasts from land. A Mitsubishi innovation is the use of a nozzle in the antenna, in which a tube of insulating material physically separates the antenna jet from the surrounding water and prevents short circuits. In addition, according to the authors of the antenna, they managed to solve the problem of the relatively low (compared to metals) electrical conductivity of sea water. Through computer simulations, the researchers were able to determine the ideal jet diameter, which increased antenna efficiency by 70%.

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