Implants to improve memory. Free Technical Library News

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memory implants

23.09.2015

When the cyberpunk movement was in vogue in the 80s and early 90s, it seemed to everyone that various chips in the brains, implants and other electronics sewn directly into the body were a matter of the near future. As it turned out, people are still not too willing to introduce artificial objects into their bodies, and the topic of implants for some time left the front pages of scientific journals, but not for long, and recently DARPA announced the creation of new implants implanted in the brain to improve memory.

During a conference held in St. Louis, a DARPA spokesperson said that several dozen people who had already received artificial implants that delivered directed electrical discharges to specific areas of the brain showed significant improvements in memory tests.

The goal of the study, which is part of DARPA's Active Memory Recovery Program, is to allow scientists to read and interpret the brain activity involved in the formation and activation of memories, and to predict when a person begins to remember something incorrectly. In this case, electrodes can be used to provide directed electrical discharges to groups of cells responsible for memory storage, making it more accessible as a result.

Patients who agreed to wear implants were implanted during brain surgery that did not involve memory loss. Surgeons have inserted small electrodes into regions of the brain responsible for declarative memories—that is, those by which we remember events, times, places, or lists of objects—as well as regions involved in spatial memory and orientation.

According to preliminary results, the researchers were able not only to record and interpret memory-saving cues, but also to improve patients' ability to remember entire lists of objects.

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Pulsars are neutron stars with high magnetic polarity that emit beams of electromagnetic radiation. They usually manifest themselves as short radio pulses, but some of them can be detected using optical, X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes.

Scientists led by Mayuresh Surnis of the Indian Institute for Science Education and Research Bhopal (IISER Bhopal) in India have observed a millisecond pulsar known as PSR J1708-3506 using the MeerKAT telescope as part of the MeerTIME program. In the course of these observations, they accidentally discovered a new pulsar due to its individual impulses.

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Individual pulses of PSR J1710-3452 were found to exhibit similar overall emission, but with greater structure diversity on shorter timescales than previously observed. In addition, each individual pulse consists of two main radiation components separated by approximately 0,7 seconds, for a total pulse width greater than one second. This corresponds to a pulse modulation of approximately 10%.

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If this is indeed a magnetar, then its location at a relatively high galactic latitude (2,9°) makes it potentially one of the oldest and most intermittent magnetars known in the galaxy. The very short active window of this object is unique and may indicate the presence of an as yet undiscovered population of long-period neutron stars emitting high-brightness radio emission.

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