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FOCL data transmitted over a record distance

13.07.2015

Scientists from the University of California at San Diego, with the assistance of researchers from Qualcomm, have come up with a solution to one of the main problems of fiber optic networks - signal distortion over long distances.

In modern networks, one fiber optic cable can accommodate from 30 to 200 data transmission channels using different frequencies. As the distance increases, signals in different channels begin to overlap each other, resulting in data loss. In order to avoid this, telecommunications operators install complex and expensive repeaters over certain distances.

Researchers have found a way to get rid of repeaters and thereby reduce the cost of building fiber optic networks. They themselves speak of their achievement as overcoming the "biggest limits" of fiber optic networks.

Layering of signals in a fiber optic cable occurs according to known laws. The essence of the researchers' invention is to pre-configure the signals in such a way that subsequent distortions are leveled.

The system created by scientists is based on the principle of a frequency comb. As soon as the frequency of one of the signals changes, it synchronizes the frequencies of the other signals. Thus, they are constantly at a certain distance from each other in the frequency spectrum.
In addition, the system allows you to decrypt the data at the receiving end, even if they were superimposed on each other.

"Today's fiber optic systems are like quicksand. The more you resist in the quicksand, the more you sink into it," said research leader Nikola Alic. "In fiber, after a certain point, the more power you add to the signal, the more distortion you get. This makes it difficult to transmit a signal over a long distance."

In their experiment, the researchers used a fiber optic cable with five channels. They were able to achieve distortion-free data transmission over a record distance of 12 thousand kilometers without the use of repeaters. The scientists believe their method can be scaled to more channels.

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