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Electromagnetic catapult for launching aircraft

09.07.2015

Aircraft launching steam catapults have been used on American aircraft carriers since the mid-50s. A modern steam catapult accelerates a 35-ton aircraft to 250 km / h in 2,5 s in a 100 m section.

The latest American project in the field of aircraft carrier catapults is the electromagnetic system EMALS, created for the USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78). Attempts to create such a system were made as early as the middle of the last century, and in 1946 Westinghouse showed a device called Electropult. However, it was not adopted. EMALS has been in development for 25 years, and in 2010-11, the first phase of prototype testing of the system took place, which included 134 launches of various aircraft, including the F / A-18E Super Hornet, T-45C Goshawk, C-2A Greyhound, E-2D Advanced Hawkeye and F-35C Lightning II. In June 2014, the second phase of testing was completed, during which 450 manned aircraft launches took place through the EMALS prototype, in which all types of aircraft based on aircraft carriers participated.

According to General Atomics, the EMALS catapult system allows the ship's aircraft to make at least 160 sorties per day, instead of 120 sorties for aircraft carriers with a steam catapult. EMALS weighs less than a steam catapult, takes up less space, is easier to maintain, recharges faster for the next launch, and consumes less energy.

And finally, in June of this year, the first tests of the EMALS system took place on the aircraft carrier USS Gerald R. Ford, for which it is intended. True, so far not a fighter has participated in the test flight, but a blank on wheels, simulating an aircraft in weight and volume. The system successfully threw the blank into the open sea.

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