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Self-healing software

08.07.2015

Researchers at the MIT Laboratory for Computing and Artificial Intelligence have developed a system called Code Phage that automatically fixes bugs in open source applications. Code Phage is capable of correcting errors resulting from out-of-bounds parameters, integer overflows, and division by zero, according to a publication by the researchers on the Association for Computing Machinery website.

For the system to work, it is necessary to have two input parameters that are entered into the target application, with the condition that one of the parameters causes the program to fail. Code Phage uses the database to look for a donor application that can process both inputs without crashing. It is assumed that such an application contains some kind of check condition that prevents failure and is not present in the target application. The goal is to move this check from the donor application to the target application that needs to be fixed.

To find the test condition in the donor application and understand how it works, Code Phage runs the donor application first with the "good" parameter, and then with the "failed" parameter (that is, causing the crash in the original program). With each "run" the system builds a chain of logical operations occurring in the program until it finds a branch of these chains - the place where the test condition is located.

Using the results of the analysis (symbolic expressions), the system recreates and integrates a similar check into the original application in the language in which it was written. At the same time, Code Phage works with binary donors, that is, it does not need to know the source code of donor applications, since it analyzes their logic.

In their experiment, the researchers were able to fix bugs in seven popular open source applications using 2-4 donors for each. It took from 2 to 10 minutes to correct each error.

According to the researchers, the advantage of Code Phage is that the system can take programs written in different languages as donors, as long as they work in a similar way. There are millions of applications on the Internet that can be used as donors.

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