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Pay your fare using your mobile

24.08.2002

South Korean mobile operator KT Freetel has launched a system that will allow subscribers to use their mobile phone as a credit card and to pay for public transport.

The devices specially designed for the K-Megse service are equipped with an infrared transmitter for working with ATMs as a credit card and a radio frequency chip for use in transport (in South Korea, the corresponding systems are in buses and subways).

So far, the payment part of K-Megse is available only to customers of one bank, but KTF plans to expand cooperation and cover users of all types of credit cards with this service.

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Brain wave control 08.12.2019

Diagnosable electrical vibrations of the brain are called rhythms. Recently, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology managed to teach subjects to manipulate their own alpha waves, thereby increasing attention when performing a certain task. Alpha waves describe the electrical activity of the brain at a frequency of 8-12 Hz. The results of the study, which is published in the journal Neuron, may in the future provide an opportunity for people who experience learning problems to get feedback on their brain activity.

This is a completely non-invasive way to monitor and test the role of various types of brain activity.

The study found that by suppressing alpha waves in one half of the parietal cortex - the lobe responsible for touch, the ability to navigate in space, and attention - the subjects paid more attention to objects on the screen. It should be noted that the relationship between attention and alpha waves has been established in previous studies. At the same time, according to the authors of the scientific work, it still remained unclear whether this connection is a by-product of another process, or whether alpha waves directly control attention.

The subjects were asked to use neurofeedback, which described their alpha waves. They had to look at the grating pattern in the center of the monitor, and put in the mental effort to increase the contrast of the pattern, making it more visible. The contrast became more pronounced when the asymmetry of alpha waves in both the left and right hemispheres of the parietal cortex increased based on data obtained by monitoring brain activity. In other words, alpha waves were suppressed in one hemisphere of the parietal cortex, but increased in the other.

One group of subjects managed to suppress alpha waves in the left hemisphere, and the other - in the right. Moreover, both groups showed opposite results: heightened response or attention to flashes of light on the right and left side of the screen, respectively. Surprisingly, after ten minutes of the exercise, the subjects learned to increase the contrast, potentially increasing their control over their attention. After the experiment, the subjects told the researchers that they knew they were controlling the contrast, but didn't know how.

The scientists concluded that the manipulation of alpha waves did indeed control the attention of the subjects. However, several significant questions remain, including how exactly brain waves are controlled, as well as how long they can be controlled. What's more, the researchers don't yet know if this technique can be applied in real life to teaching people with behavioral or concentration problems. It also remains unclear whether this method is applicable to other types of brain waves, such as beta waves, which are associated with Parkinson's disease. At the same time, the experiment seems to demonstrate that we have an amazing degree of subconscious control over the mechanics of our own brains.

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