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Dual-band wireless receiver chip for 5 and 60 GHz

14.10.2014

A development team from Mitsubishi Electric Company and Tohoku University has created an integrated circuit that implements the function of a receiver capable of operating in the 5 and 60 GHz bands.

The presented chip was created using Si-CMOS technology. Its purpose is the Dependable Air wireless communication system, developed by Tohoku University engineers. This system is characterized by a combination of high reliability and significant speed.

From wireless communication, first of all, greater reliability and high speed are required. However, millimeter wave radio waves, commonly used for high-speed transmission, only provide a reliable connection over short distances. At the same time, in the 5 GHz band, it is possible to organize communication with more distant objects. In the Dependable Air technology, the developers proposed the use of equipment that can operate in two ranges. Moreover, switching between them in accordance with the situation is imperceptible to the user.

The developers of Mitsubishi Electric started from the available RF chips operating in the 5 and 60 GHz bands. By integrating and using part of the blocks for both ranges, they managed to reduce the chip size by about 30%.

According to Mitsubishi Electric, the company is going to standardize the communication technology proposed by Tohoku University, as a result of which it should be included in IEEE802.11, as well as other specifications.

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Microplastics make soil less fertile 14.09.2019

The negative impact of plastic waste on the ocean is already well known. New research shows that this pollutant can also make the soil significantly less fertile.

Scientists from Anglia Ruskin University (UK) found that microplastics retard the growth of worms. Given the role of these animals in saturating the soil with nutrients, any interference with their activities can have a serious negative impact on entire ecosystems and hinder the growth of crops that humans feed on.

Exposure to plastic, commonly found in bottles and bags, caused earthworms to lose 3,1% of their body weight over a 30-day period, according to a new study. During the same period, earthworms in plastic-free soil increased their mass by 5,1%.

This is a concern because worms are "ecosystem engineers": they ingest dead organic matter, improve soil structure, promote drainage, and even prevent erosion. If worms lose mass and stunted, this can seriously damage biodiversity.

Researchers don't yet know the specific reasons why microplastics cause worms to lose weight. Perhaps the reaction of earthworms to plastic can be compared with the same mechanisms in aquatic worms that have previously been studied. In aquatic worms, microplastics cause obstruction and irritation of the digestive tract, making it harder for the animals to absorb nutrients and slowing down their growth.

Any pollution that affects the health of earthworms can negatively affect other aspects of the soil ecosystem, such as plant growth.

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