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Tires with electronic stud extension

10.03.2014

Finnish tire manufacturer Nokian Tires has developed a new winter tire with retractable studs. Thanks to this, drivers will be able to use the same tires in different weather conditions. After pressing a button inside the car, a hard metal core in the center of the spike is removed inside the wheel. At the same time, its outer body remains motionless. All spikes on the wheels are hidden or released at the same time.

New Nokian Hakkapeliitta 8 SUV winter tires were used on the prototype to demonstrate the created technology. The announcement of the novelty took place as part of the celebration of the 80th anniversary of the creation of the first winter tires under the Nokian brand.

Nokian Tires has not yet provided details on how the new system works. According to the developers, the created automotive rubber with retractable spikes is currently only a concept, but the manufacturer does not exclude its appearance in the future on the mass market.

The benefits of this technology are clear. Theoretically, one set of tires can be used in different seasons. The driver will be able to activate the spikes for driving on an icy road and remove them while driving on asphalt. Thus, the studs will last longer, and driving in warm weather on dry roads will be less noisy and more comfortable.

Even the approximate price of such tires is not yet known, but, most likely, if the product is released, it will not be cheap, and therefore it will be used on luxury cars.

Such "all-weather" tires with retractable studs were already shown in 2007 by the American company Qtires, but since then there has been no information about its entry into the mass market. This rubber, called Q Celsius, has two air chambers, one of which serves to inflate the tire, and the other to build up pressure, due to which the spikes are extended. This second air box is inflated by a wireless signal from the driver. It was assumed that the cost of Q Celsius will be 30% higher compared to conventional studded tires.

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Electricity on the moon 10.02.2022

Katrin Kristmann, a doctoral student at the Department of Chemistry and Materials Science at TalTech (Tallinn University of Technology), has started research aimed at developing a technology for manufacturing monograin solar cells on the Moon.

The results of the research activities are planned to be used to provide electricity to future lunar outposts of the European Space Agency (ESA) and its international partners. A lunar outpost is planned to be established at the Moon's South Pole in the coming decades.

The sandpaper-like solar cell is based on the monograin powder technology developed by TalTech researchers, where the solar cell consists of thousands of small 50 micrometer diameter crystals embedded in a polymer in one continuous layer.

Microcrystals absorb sunlight. To transmit solar energy, these microcrystals are covered with buffer and window layers. Thus, each crystal works like a small individual solar panel and generates electricity.

This type of solar cell has many advantages, combining the advantages of a high-efficiency single-crystal material with low-cost production of roll-to-roll panels, which allows the production of flexible, lightweight and cost-effective solar panels to cover large areas at minimal cost.

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A potential material for microcrystals could be pyrite FeS2, or, in other words, "fool's gold". Its elements, iron and sulfur, are quite common in the lunar regolith, and the theoretical efficiency of a pyrite solar cell is as high as 25%.

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