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Our galaxy will be sewn by a cloud with a magnetic shield

08.11.2013

Closed by protective magnetic fields, a high-speed gas cloud is approaching the Milky Way. Scientists believe that many new stars will flare up along the path of this cloud, which will change the appearance of our galaxy.

Scientists have been able to understand how special formations, the so-called high-velocity gas clouds (HVC), manage to “break through” the powerful gravitational and magnetic fields of large galaxies almost without loss, and at the same time provide them with fuel for the formation of new stars. The discovery was made on the example of the Smith Cloud, which is approaching the Milky Way at a speed of more than 241 km / s.

Hundreds of high-speed gas clouds revolve around our galaxy. These are the remains of the building material from which galaxies were formed. HVCs can collide with galaxies, but nonetheless usually don't break up, making them exist for billions of years. Scientists have long been unable to understand the nature of the "persistence" of gas clouds: computer simulations show that they are not massive enough to survive after entering the disk of the Milky Way.

In the course of observing the Smith Cloud, scientists from the scientific organization CSIRO discovered that powerful magnetic fields save the cloud from destruction, which, like a shield, close the cloud and prevent it from dissipating inside the galaxy. However, despite the obvious evidence for the existence of a magnetic field, its origin remains a mystery: the field is too strong and probably intensifies when passing through the halo surrounding the galaxy. What can serve as a source of such a strong magnetic field inside a gas cloud is still unclear.

Research shows that the Smith Cloud has already collided with our galaxy and will collide with it again. The Smith Cloud is currently 8000 light-years from the galaxy's disk. When the Smith Cloud collides with the Milky Way, a bright ring of young stars will form. A similar ring exists in the vicinity of our Sun and is known as the Gould Belt. If a cloud passes close to the solar system, "igniting" new stars, it could have a big impact on our star system. Fortunately, the possible stellar "fireworks" will not happen soon: the Smith Cloud will enter our galaxy in about 30 million years.

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