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Underwater Wi-Fi to watch the oceans

02.11.2013

Researchers at the University of Buffalo have successfully tested an underwater Wi-Fi network that could make a tangible contribution to ocean surveillance, tsunami and pollution detection in the future.

As part of the test, scientists from the University of Buffalo placed two sensors underwater and connected to a router on the surface, which provided the conversion of sound waves into a Wi-Fi signal.

"An underwater wireless network will open up unprecedented opportunities for us to collect data in the oceans and analyze them in real time," said project leader Professor Tommaso Melodia. "If the information is available from a smartphone or computer, especially when it comes to tsunamis or other disasters, it can save lives."

To achieve such results, scientists had to find an alternative to the radio waves that are used in conventional Wi-Fi networks. In their work, they relied on sonars: they used sound waves that travel between devices submerged under water. They are connected to a router located on the surface, which converts sound waves into a Wi-Fi signal, and then it is transmitted over a cellular or satellite network. Routers can be located both on the coast and on board ships or on floating platforms. Now in the world there are already underwater sensors that can form a network and provide communication with the surface, but they use a different infrastructure in their work.

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Serotonin - the so-called happiness hormone - helps burn fat. This was reported by Researchers from the Scripps Institute (USA).

The researchers conducted the experiment with the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, which is often used as a model organism in biology. These worms have simpler metabolic systems than humans, but their brains produce virtually the same signaling molecules as humans.

Scientists were trying to find a gene that is directly related to serotonin and fat metabolism. As a result, a gene was discovered that programs the neuropeptide FLP-7. Experts have suggested that the neuropeptide has an effect on the level of the hormone of happiness in the brain. To confirm their theory, they tagged FLP-7 with a fluorescent protein and then tracked its movement through the body of the worm.

It turned out that FLP-7 is formed at a high level of serotonin. Then it passes into the intestines, where the process of fat burning begins. At the same time, biologists have noticed that if serotonin is added to the body artificially, this will lead to serious malfunctions.

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